ReviewMolecular psychiatry2022
Introducing the brain erythropoietin circle to explain adaptive brain hardware upgrade and improved performance.
Review in Molecular psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- An explorative cross-sectional study on the association between immunological biomarkers in patients with chronic pain.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Forebrain-specific loss of erythropoietin provokes compensatory upregulation of different EPO receptors.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Combining exercise and hypoxia for brain health: from elite athlete altitude training camps to clinical applications.AIMS neuroscience · 2026Review
- Transcriptional dynamics of the oligodendrocyte lineage and its regulation by the brain erythropoietin system.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Erythropoietin and Erythropoietin Receptor Levels in Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder: Cross-sectional Study.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Erythropoietin restrains the inhibitory potential of interneurons in the mouse hippocampus.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Article
- Tolerability and first hints for potential efficacy of motor-cognitive training under inspiratory hypoxia in health and neuropsychiatric disorders: A translational viewpoint.Neuroprotection (Chichester, England) · 2024Article
- Expression of erythropoietin receptor protein in the mouse hippocampus in response to normobaric hypoxia.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Hypoxia Sensing and Responses in Parkinson's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- miRNA cargo in circulating vesicles from neurons is altered in individuals with schizophrenia and associated with severe disease.Science advances · 2023Article
- Exploiting moderate hypoxia to benefit patients with brain disease: Molecular mechanisms and translational research in progress.Neuroprotection (Chichester, England) · 2023Article
- Erythropoietin re-wires cognition-associated transcriptional networks.Nature communications · 2023Article
- The Brain at High Altitude: From Molecular Signaling to Cognitive Performance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- EPO regulates neuronal differentiation of adult human neural-crest derived stem cells in a sex-specific manner.BMC neuroscience · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
prefaceExecutive functions, learning, attention, and processing speed are imperative facets of cognitive performance, affected in neuropsychiatric disorders. In clinical studies on different patient groups, recombinant human (rh) erythropoietin (EPO) lastingly improved higher cognition and reduced brain matter loss. Correspondingly, rhEPO treatment of young rodents or EPO receptor (EPOR) overexpression in pyramidal neurons caused remarkable and enduring cognitive improvement, together with enhanced hippocampal long-term potentiation. The 'brain hardware upgrade', underlying these observations, includes an EPO induced ~20% increase in pyramidal neurons and oligodendrocytes in cornu ammonis hippocampi in the absence of elevated DNA synthesis. In parallel, EPO reduces microglia numbers and dampens their activity and metabolism as prerequisites for undisturbed EPO-driven differentiation of pre-existing local neuronal precursors. These processes depend on neuronal and microglial EPOR. This novel mechanism of powerful postnatal neurogenesis, outside the classical neurogenic niches, and on-demand delivery of new cells, paralleled by dendritic spine increase, let us hypothesize a physiological procognitive role of hypoxia-induced endogenous EPO in brain, which we imitate by rhEPO treatment. Here we delineate the brain EPO circle as working model explaining adaptive 'brain hardware upgrade' and improved performance. In this fundamental regulatory circle, neuronal networks, challenged by motor-cognitive tasks, drift into transient 'functional hypoxia', thereby triggering neuronal EPO/EPOR expression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.