ArticleBrain, behavior, and immunity2022
Distinct effects of interleukin-6 and interferon-γ on differentiating human cortical neurons.
Article in Brain, behavior, and immunity, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dynamic neuro-immune regulation of psychiatric risk loci in human neurons.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Integrated protocol for concurrent generation of microglial and neuronal cells in human cerebral organoids.BMC methods · 2026Article
- Vagus nerve stimulation as an anti-inflammatory therapy for maternal immune activation-induced alterations in offspring microglia and neurodevelopment.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Integrative perspectives on electroacupuncture modulation of vagal-cholinergic and neuro-immune-metabolic regulation in long COVID.Frontiers in integrative neuroscience · 2026Review
- Inflammatory and Oxidative Biological Profiles in Mental Disorders: Perspectives on Diagnostics and Personalized Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Linking Metabolic Disorders and Immune System Phenomena in Schizophrenia: The Role of Adipose Tissue and Inflammation.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Placental and cord serum inflammatory cytokines and children's domain-specific neurodevelopment at 18 months: effect modification by maternal vitamin D status.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Effects of Complex I Inhibition on the Architecture of Neural Rosettes Differentiated from Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.Stem cells and development · 2025Article
- Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles alleviate autism by regulating microglial glucose metabolism reprogramming and neuroinflammation through PD-1/PD-L1 interaction.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Peering into the mind: unraveling schizophrenia's secrets using models.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Review
- The roles of immune factors in neurodevelopment.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Review
- A microglia-containing cerebral organoid model to study early life immune challenges.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Maternal Immune Activation and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Integrating Molecular, Cellular and Systems Mechanisms.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2025Review
- Parasitic Effects on the Congenital Transmission ofMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- A microglia-containing cerebral organoid model to study early life immune challenges.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- The Role of IL-6 in Neurodegenerative Disorders.Neurochemical research · 2024Review
- Molecular pathways in placental-fetal development and disruption.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2024Review
- Prolonged STAT1 activation in neurons drives a pathological transcriptional response.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2023Article
- Maternal Chronic Ultrasound Stress Provokes Immune Activation and Behavioral Deficits in the Offspring: A Mouse Model of Neurodevelopmental Pathology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Translational evidence suggests that cytokines involved in maternal immune activation (MIA), such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ), can cross the placenta, injure fetal brain, and predispose to neuropsychiatric disorders. To elaborate developmental neuronal sequelae of MIA, we differentiated human pluripotent stem cells to cortical neurons over a two-month period, exposing them to IL-6 or IFN-γ. IL-6 impacted expression of genes regulating extracellular matrix, actin cytoskeleton and TGF-β signaling while IFN-γ impacted genes regulating antigen processing, major histocompatibility complex and endoplasmic reticulum biology. IL-6, but not IFN-γ, altered mitochondrial respiration while IFN-γ, but not IL-6, induced reduction in dendritic spine density. Pre-treatment with folic acid, which has known neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties, ameliorated IL-6 effects on mitochondrial respiration and IFN-γ effects on dendritic spine density. These findings suggest distinct mechanisms for how fetal IL-6 and IFN-γ exposure influence risk for neuropsychiatric disorders, and how folic acid can mitigate such risk.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.