Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35434521›Full record

ArticleNanoscale advances2022

Carbon dot-based fluorescent antibody nanoprobes as brain tumour glioblastoma diagnostics.

Mattia Ghirardello, Radhe Shyam, Xia Liu, Teodoro Garcia-Millan, Imke Sittel, Javier Ramos-Soriano, Kathreena M Kurian, M Carmen Galan

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nanoscale advances, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 22% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Tumor-Targeted Delivery Therapy Based on PLGA Nanoparticles.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Mattia GhirardelloSchool of Chemistry, University of Bristol Bristol UK m.c.galan@bristol.ac.uk.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2855-4801
Radhe ShyamSchool of Chemistry, University of Bristol Bristol UK m.c.galan@bristol.ac.uk.
Xia LiuBristol Medical School, Public Health Sciences, Southmead Hospital, University of Bristol Bristol UK kathreena.kurian@bristol.ac.uk.
Teodoro Garcia-MillanSchool of Chemistry, University of Bristol Bristol UK m.c.galan@bristol.ac.uk.
Imke SittelSchool of Chemistry, University of Bristol Bristol UK m.c.galan@bristol.ac.uk.
Javier Ramos-SorianoSchool of Chemistry, University of Bristol Bristol UK m.c.galan@bristol.ac.uk.
Kathreena M KurianBristol Medical School, Public Health Sciences, Southmead Hospital, University of Bristol Bristol UK kathreena.kurian@bristol.ac.uk.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0303-3716
M Carmen GalanSchool of Chemistry, University of Bristol Bristol UK m.c.galan@bristol.ac.uk.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7307-2871
University of Bristol · GBSouthmead Hospital · GB

Funding

Cancer Research UK 29791
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The development of efficient and sensitive tools for the detection of brain cancer in patients is of the utmost importance particularly because many of these tumours go undiagnosed until the disease has advanced and when treatment is less effective. Current strategies employ antibodies (Abs) to detect Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein (GFAP) in tissue samples, since GFAP is unique to the brain and not present in normal peripheral blood, and it relies on fluorescent reporters. Herein we describe a low cost, practical and general method for the labelling of proteins and antibodies with fluorescent carbon dots (CD) to generate diagnostic probes that are robust, photostable and applicable to the clinical setting. The two-step protocol relies on the conjugation of a dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO)-functionalised CD with azide functionalised proteins by combining amide conjugation and strain promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) ligation chemistry. The new class of Ab-CD conjugates developed using this strategy was successfully used for the immunohistochemical staining of human brain tissues of patients with glioblastoma (GBM) validating the approach. Overall, these novel fluorescent probes offer a promising and versatile strategy in terms of costs, photostability and applicability which can be extended to other Abs and protein systems.

Identifiers

PMID35434521
PMCPMC8962998
OpenAlexW4214912156

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.