ReviewJournal of neuropathology and experimental neurology2022
Rat and Mouse Brain Tumor Models for Experimental Neuro-Oncology Research.
Review in Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of copper overload on mitochondrial parameters in GBM-1, U-87 MG, and C6 glioma cell lines.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2026Article
- Integrating ex vivo platforms with AI to guide glioblastoma treatment.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Review
- Activity of linalool based silver nanoconjugates against brain tumor through in silico, in vitro and in vivo evaluations.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Review
- Advancing glioblastoma research by establishing a whole brain slice model.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Generation of selenium nano- and micro-materials using abiotic and biotic processes.Cell signaling · 2026Article
- Tissue-type Differences in Focused Ultrasound and Microbubble-mediated Drug Delivery to the Brain Exist at Vessel Level.Theranostics · 2026Article
- Translational Models for Glioblastoma: Revolutionizing Drug Development and Personalized Medicine through Clinical Insights.Theranostics · 2026Review
- Stem Cell Models for Elucidating Cellular Mechanisms of Substance Use Disorders and Advancing Addiction Pharmacology.Stem cells international · 2026Review
- Pathophysiological and Etiological Corroborations for the Mechanistic Design of Intranasal Therapies in Glioblastoma Multiforme.Current pharmaceutical design · 2026Review
- Invasive properties of patient-derived glioblastoma cells after reversible electroporationRadiology and oncology · 2025Article
- Review
- Article
- 7T GluCEST in Discriminating Gliomas with Diverse Invasiveness Degrees and Its Association with Invasion Indices.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2025Article
- Review
- Article
- A multiparametric perspective on C6 and F98 cell lines in orthotopic rat models for glioblastoma research.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The SRG rat as a novel host for an orthotopic patient-derived xenograft model of breast cancer brain metastasis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Evolution of Preclinical Models for Glioblastoma Modelling and Drug Screening.Current oncology reports · 2025Review
- The Original Mouse Models of Glioblastoma: Analysis of Pathophysiological Characteristics of Transplanted Tumor Tissue.Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Rodent brain tumor models have been useful for developing effective therapies for glioblastomas (GBMs). In this review, we first discuss the 3 most commonly used rat brain tumor models, the C6, 9L, and F98 gliomas, which are all induced by repeated injections of nitrosourea to adult rats. The C6 glioma arose in an outbred Wistar rat and its potential to evoke an alloimmune response is a serious limitation. The 9L gliosarcoma arose in a Fischer rat and is strongly immunogenic, which must be taken into consideration when using it for therapy studies. The F98 glioma may be the best of the 3 but it does not fully recapitulate human GBMs because it is weakly immunogenic. Next, we discuss a number of mouse models. The first are human patient-derived xenograft gliomas in immunodeficient mice. These have failed to reproduce the tumor-host interactions and microenvironment of human GBMs. Genetically engineered mouse models recapitulate the molecular alterations of GBMs in an immunocompetent environment and "humanized" mouse models repopulate with human immune cells. While the latter are rarely isogenic, expensive to produce, and challenging to use, they represent an important advance. The advantages and limitations of each of these brain tumor models are discussed. This information will assist investigators in selecting the most appropriate model for the specific focus of their research.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.