ArticleGels (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Phytosterol-Loaded Surface-Tailored Bioactive-Polymer Nanoparticles for Cancer Treatment: Optimization, In Vitro Cell Viability, Antioxidant Activity, and Stability Studies.
Article in Gels (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- β-Sitosterol-loaded leciplexes attenuate rheumatoid arthritis in rats by modulating JAK2/STAT3, NF-κB, and p38 MAPK signaling pathways.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Bridging Therapeutics and Nanotechnology in Dry Eye Disease: A Review of Risk Factors, Drug Delivery Barriers, and Recent and Future Endeavors for Disease Management.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Review
- Targeting triple negative breast cancer stem cells using nanocarriers.Discover nano · 2024Review
- Adjuvant Novel Nanocarrier-Based Targeted Therapy for Lung Cancer.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
- Causal association of dietary factors with five common cancers: univariate and multivariate Mendelian randomization studies.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Advances in Nanotechnology for Enhancing the Solubility and Bioavailability of Poorly Soluble Drugs.Drug design, development and therapy · 2024Review
- Combination of Nanodelivery Systems and Constituents Derived from Novel Foods: A Comprehensive Review.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Article
- Advances and Challenges in Plant Sterol Research: Fundamentals, Analysis, Applications and Production.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- β-Sitosterol as a Promising Anticancer Agent for Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy: Mechanisms of Action and Future Prospects.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Review
- Natural Oils Enhance the Topical Delivery of Ketoconazole by Nanoemulgel for Fungal Infections.ACS omega · 2023Article
- Surface-Modified Biobased Polymeric Nanoparticles for Dual Delivery of Doxorubicin and Gefitinib in Glioma Cell Lines.ACS omega · 2023Article
- A "Trojan Horse" Strategy: The Preparation of Bile Acid-Modifying Irinotecan Hydrochloride Nanoliposomes for Liver-Targeted Anticancer Drug Delivery System Study.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Harnessing Folate-Functionalized Nasal Delivery of Dox-Erlo-Loaded Biopolymeric Nanoparticles in Cancer Treatment: Development, Optimization, Characterization, and Biodistribution Analysis.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Phytochemical Study ofMetabolites · 2022Article
- A β-Sitosterol Encapsulated Biocompatible Alginate/Chitosan Polymer Nanocomposite for the Treatment of Breast Cancer.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Applications of Chitosan in Surgical and Post-Surgical Materials.Marine drugs · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
This study aimsto optimize, characterize, and assess the phytosterol-loaded surface-tailored bioactive Alginate/Chitosan NPs for antitumor efficacy against breast cancer. β-Sitosterol-loaded Alginate/Chitosan nanoparticles (β-SIT-Alg/Ch-NPs) were fabricated using an ion-gelation technique, and then the NPs’ surfaces were activated using an EDC/sulfo-NHS conjugation reaction. The activated chitosan NPs werefunctionalized with folic acid (FA), leveled as β-SIT-Alg/Ch-NPs-FA. Moreover, the functionalized NPs were characterized for size distribution, polydispersity index (PDI), and surface charge, FT-IR and DSC. β-SIT released from β-SIT-Alg/Ch-NPs was estimated in various biorelevant media of pH 7.4, 6.5, and 5.5, and data werefitted into various kinetic models. The cytotoxic study of β-SIT-Alg/Ch-NPs-FA against the cancer cell line was established. The antioxidant study of developed β-SIT-Alg/Ch-NPs was performed using DPPH assay. The stability of developed optimized formulation was assessed in phosphate buffer saline (PBS, pH 7.4), as per ICH guidelines. The drug-entrapped Alg/Ch-NPs-FA appeared uniform and nonaggregated, and the nanoscale particle measured a mean size of 126 ± 8.70 nm. The %drug encapsulation efficiency and %drug loading in β-SIT-Alg/Ch-NPs-FA were 91.06 ± 2.6% and 6.0 ± 0.52%, respectively. The surface charge on β-SIT-Alg/Ch-NPs-FA was measured as +25 mV. The maximum β-SIT release from β-SIT-Alg/Ch-NPs-FA was 71.50 ± 6.5% in pH 5.5. The cytotoxic assay expressed an extremely significant antitumor effect by β-SIT-Alg/Ch-NPs-FA when compared to β-SIT-suspension (p < 0.001). The antioxidant capacity of β-SIT-Alg/Ch-NPs-FA was 91 ± 5.99% compared to 29 ± 8.02% for β-SIT-suspension. The stability of NPs noticed an unworthy alteration (p > 0.05) in particle sizes and other parameters under study in the specific period.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.