ArticlePharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Transcriptomic Analysis of Fumarate Compounds Identifies Unique Effects of Isosorbide Di-(Methyl Fumarate) on NRF2, NF-kappaB and IRF1 Pathway Genes.
Article in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Isosorbide Diesters: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Applications in Skin and Neuroinflammatory Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Comparative activity of dimethyl fumarate derivative IDMF in three models relevant to multiple sclerosis and psoriasis.FEBS open bio · 2025Article
- Diroximel Fumarate Acts Through Nrf2 to Attenuate Methylglyoxal-Induced Nociception in Mice and Decrease ISR Activation in DRG Neurons.Diabetes · 2025Article
- Interferon Regulatory Factors as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Neuroinflammation: A Focus on Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Neuroprotective and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Dimethyl Fumarate, Monomethyl Fumarate, and Cannabidiol in Neurons and Microglia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Diroximel fumarate acts through Nrf2 to attenuate methylglyoxal-induced nociception in mice and decreases ISR activation in DRG neurons.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Shared Molecular Signatures Across Zika Virus Infection and Multiple Sclerosis Highlight AP-1 Transcription Factor as a Potential Player in Post-ZIKV MS-Like Phenotypes.Molecular neurobiology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) has emerged as a first-line therapy for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). This treatment, however, has been limited by adverse effects, which has prompted development of novel derivatives with improved tolerability. We compared the effects of fumarates on gene expression in astrocytes. Our analysis included diroximel fumarate (DRF) and its metabolite monomethyl fumarate (MMF), along with a novel compound isosorbide di-(methyl fumarate) (IDMF). Treatment with IDMF resulted in the largest number of differentially expressed genes. The effects of DRF and MMF were consistent with NRF2 activation and NF-κB inhibition, respectively. IDMF responses, however, were concordant with both NRF2 activation and NF-κB inhibition, and we confirmed IDMF-mediated NF-κB inhibition using a reporter assay. IDMF also down-regulated
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Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.