ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2022
Premature Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Associated with Heart Failure and Chronic Kidney Disease: 20 Years of Real-World Data.
Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- [Buffering effect of intensive lipid lowering on mortality risk in type 2 diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease and challenging glycemic management: a cohort study based on dual metabolic trajectories].Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2026Article
- The Impact of Homelessness on Kidney Outcomes Among Adults With Diabetes.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity and the Impact of PM1 and Nitrogen Oxides on Chronic Kidney Disease Mortality in 39 European Countries (1990-2022): A Multi-Model Analysis.International journal of nephrology and renovascular disease · 2026Article
- Tissue-Specific Effects of Dietary Protein on Cellular Senescence Are Mediated by Branched-Chain Amino Acids.Aging cell · 2025Article
- A nutrigeroscience approach: Dietary macronutrients and cellular senescence.Cell metabolism · 2024Review
- Article
- Heart failure: the grim reaper of the cardio-renal-metabolic triad.ESC heart failure · 2024Observational
- Review
- Should dietary restrictions be imposed on Alzheimer's Disease patients affected by type 2 diabetes?Dialogues in clinical neuroscience · 2024Article
- Twenty years of real-world data to estimate chronic kidney disease prevalence and staging in an unselected population.Clinical kidney journal · 2023Article
- Digital Health and Big Data Analytics: Implications of Real-World Evidence for Clinicians and Policymakers.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) increases the risk of heart failure (HF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Nonetheless, evidence of cardiovascular (CV) prognosis is relatively scarce in young T2D patients. PURPOSE: To estimate the risk of all-cause death, CV death, and non-fatal major CV events (MACEs) in T2D patients younger than 65 years old.
methodsWe designed a retrospective cohort study using incident cases of either T2D, HF, or CKD in the population aged 40-65 years, from 1st January 2000 to 31st December 2019. Each individual was followed for up to one year. The primary analysis consisted of survival analysis with Cox proportional hazards to compare one-year risk of all-cause death, CV death, and MACEs between T2D without HF or CKD (T2D), T2D with HF (T2D-HF), and T2D with CKD (T2D-CKD) groups.
resultsA total of 14,986 incident adult diabetic patients from the last two decades in our institution were included with an average age at cohort inclusion of 55-58 years old. Glycemic control was similar among groups. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of one-year all-cause death was 2.77 (95% CI: 2.26-3.40) for T2D-HF and 3.09 (2.77-3.45) for T2D-CKD compared with the baseline T2D risk. The highest event rate (T2D-CKD) was 0.15 per person-year. The adjusted HR of one-year CV death was 2.75 (95% CI: 2.19-3.46) for T2D-CKD and 2.59 (1.72-3.91) for T2D-HF. The non-fatal MACE risk was significantly increased in T2D-HF or T2D-CKD compared with T2D (2.82 (CI95%: 2.34-3.41) for T2D-CKD vs. 1.90 (CI95%: 1.66-2.17) for T2D-CKD) with a 32% event rate in non-fatal MACEs.
conclusionsCoexistence of HF or CKD is associated with increased premature mortality as well as non-fatal CV events in T2D patients under 65 years old.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.