ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
Neuromelanin in Parkinson's Disease: Tyrosine Hydroxylase and Tyrosinase.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 121 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interrelationship between PQ exposure and Parkinson disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's Disease: From Gene to Clinic: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Bilirubin and the Yellow Players in Ferroptosis: A Delicate Balance in Human Health and Disease, with a Focus on the Liver, Cardiovascular System, and Brain.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Brains, quacks, and boojums: a review of neurotransmitter and neuroendocrine bases of welfare and enrichment in poultry with an emphasis on the Pekin duck.Poultry science · 2026Review
- Design and computational evaluation ofRSC advances · 2026Article
- Kojic Acid as a Natural Hypopigmenting Agent: Biological Activities, Delivery Challenges, and Nanotechnology-Based Strategies.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Hyperoside Exerts Therapeutic Effects on Parkinson's Disease by Mitigating Oxidative Stress through Activation of Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway.Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2026Article
- Tyrosinase-Mediated Oxidation of Endocannabinoid and Endovanilloid N-Arachidonoyl Dopamine and N-Arachidonoyl Tyrosine.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- [Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2026Article
- Neuroprotective and Renoprotective Potential of a Hydroethanolic Extract From the Aerial Parts of Mattiastrum paphlagonicum Bornm. (Boraginaceae).Chemistry & biodiversity · 2026Article
- Agaricus arvensis extract-coated functionalized silver nanoparticles for effective aerobic biotransformation of synthetic L-tyrosine to L-DOPA.AMB Express · 2026Article
- Flavonoids improve neurotransmitters for Parkinson's treatment: mechanism and therapeutic potential.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Polydopamine nanoparticles restore cognition via targeted dopamine delivery and septo-hippocampal cholinergic activation.Theranostics · 2026Article
- Isoliquiritigenin ameliorates Parkinson's disease via gut microbiota remodeling: potential mediating role of Parabacteroides distasonis.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Stigmasterol exerts antioxidant effects through activation of the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway in Parkinson's disease model.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Groundbreaking Insights Into SIRT1/NRF2-Mediated Ferroptosis Inhibition by Resveratrol in Parkinson's Disease Models.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
- Intranasal delivery of rotigotine to the brain for treating Parkinson's disease.Fundamental research · 2025Article
- LRRK2-mutant microglia and neuromelanin synergize to drive dopaminergic neurodegeneration in an iPSC-based Parkinson's disease model.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Novel tyrosinase-inhibitory peptides derived fromFood chemistry: X · 2025Article
- Enterococcus faecalis Exerts Neuroprotective Effects via the Vagus Nerve in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is an aging-related disease and the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease. The main symptoms of PD are movement disorders accompanied with deficiency of neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) in the striatum due to cell death of the nigrostriatal DA neurons. Two main histopathological hallmarks exist in PD: cytosolic inclusion bodies termed Lewy bodies that mainly consist of α-synuclein protein, the oligomers of which produced by misfolding are regarded to be neurotoxic, causing DA cell death; and black pigments termed neuromelanin (NM) that are contained in DA neurons and markedly decrease in PD. The synthesis of human NM is regarded to be similar to that of melanin in melanocytes; melanin synthesis in skin is via DOPAquinone (DQ) by tyrosinase, whereas NM synthesis in DA neurons is via DAquinone (DAQ) by tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC). DA in cytoplasm is highly reactive and is assumed to be oxidized spontaneously or by an unidentified tyrosinase to DAQ and then, synthesized to NM. Intracellular NM accumulation above a specific threshold has been reported to be associated with DA neuron death and PD phenotypes. This review reports recent progress in the biosynthesis and pathophysiology of NM in PD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.