ArticleBMJ open respiratory research2022
Frailty assessment for COVID-19 follow-up: a prospective cohort study.
Article in BMJ open respiratory research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Functional Recovery of Adults Following Acute COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Physical therapy · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence and assessment of frailty in interstitial lung disease - a systematic review and meta-analysis.Chronic respiratory diseasePooled it
- Comparing various frailty instruments for predicting adverse outcomes in older patients hospitalized with lower respiratory tract infections.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2026Article
- Effect of infections, DNA methylation and telomere length on frailty trajectories in hospitalized older patients: the INFRAGEN study protocol.BMC geriatrics · 2025Observational
- Impact of COVID-19 infection on social care use in people over 50 years of age: a matched cohort study in North-West London.BMJ open · 2025Article
- The association of non-severe COVID-19 infection and progression to frailty among robust older veterans.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2024Article
- Modelling lifespan reduction in an exogenous damage model of generic disease.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Frailty after COVID-19: The wave after?Aging medicine (Milton (N.S.W)) · 2023Review
- Rehabilitation for People with Respiratory Disease and Frailty: An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2023Article
- Long COVID and hypertension-related disorders: a report from the Japanese Society of Hypertension Project Team on COVID-19.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2023Review
- COVID-19 Sequelae and Their Implications on Social Services.Journal of Korean medical science · 2022Article
- Bounce Forward Better: Geriatric and Gerontological Research in the Post-pandemic Future.Annals of geriatric medicine and research · 2022Article
- Functional decline, long term symptoms and course of frailty at 3-months follow-up in COVID-19 older survivors, a prospective observational cohort study.BMC geriatrics · 2022Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) is increasingly used for clinical decision making in acute care but little is known about frailty after COVID-19.
objectivesTo investigate frailty and the CFS for post-COVID-19 follow-up.
methodsThis prospective multicentre cohort study included COVID-19 survivors aged ≥50 years presenting for a follow-up visit ≥3 months after the acute illness. Nine centres retrospectively collected pre-COVID-19 CFS and prospectively CFS at follow-up. Three centres completed the Frailty Index (FI), the short physical performance battery (SPPB), 30 s sit-to-stand test and handgrip strength measurements. Mixed effect logistic regression models accounting for repeated measurements and potential confounders were used to investigate factors associated with post-COVID-19 CFS. Criterion and construct validity were determined by correlating the CFS to other concurrently assessed frailty measurements and measures of respiratory impairment, respectively.
resultsOf the 288 participants 65% were men, mean (SD) age was 65.1 (9) years. Median (IQR) CFS at follow-up was 3 (2-3), 21% were vulnerable or frail (CFS ≥4). The CFS was responsive to change, correlated with the FI (r=0.69, p<0.001), the SPPB score (r=-0.48, p<0.001) (criterion validity) and with the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire score (r=0.59, p<0.001), forced vital capacity %-predicted (r=-0.25, p<0.001), 6 min walk distance (r=-0.39, p<0.001) and modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) (r=0.59, p<0.001). Dyspnoea was significantly associated with a higher odds for vulnerability/frailty (per one mMRC adjusted OR 2.01 (95% CI 1.13 to 3.58), p=0.02).
conclusionsThe CFS significantly increases with COVID-19, and dyspnoea is an important risk factor for post-COVID-19 frailty and should be addressed thoroughly.
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