Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35467312›Full record

ArticleCardiovascular drugs and therapy2023

Comparison of Evolocumab and Ezetimibe, Both Combined with Statin Therapy, for Patients with Recent Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis from the Chinese Healthcare Perspective.

Xiaoyu Xi, Xin Wang, Wenwen Xie, Yu Jia, Santiago Zuluaga Sanchez, Laura Martinez, Quanming Zhao

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cardiovascular drugs and therapy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Cost-effectiveness of Evolocumab in Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review.Current therapeutic research, clinical and experimental · 2024
    Review
  6. PCSK9 inhibition: from effectiveness to cost-effectiveness.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024
    Review
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Xiaoyu XiThe Research Center of National Drug Policy & Ecosystem, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
Xin WangSchool of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.
Wenwen XieThe Research Center of National Drug Policy & Ecosystem, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
Yu JiaAmgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA.
Santiago Zuluaga SanchezAmgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA.
Laura MartinezAmgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA.
Quanming ZhaoDepartment of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. zhaoquanming1@sina.com.ORCID 0000-0003-3457-4953
Amgen (United States) · USChina Pharmaceutical University · CNCapital Medical University · CNHangzhou Medical College · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo assess the cost-effectiveness of evolocumab, a PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) inhibitor, compared with ezetimibe, both added to background statin therapy in patients with recent acute coronary syndrome (ACS) events (in the past 12 months) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels ≥ 100 mg/dL in China.

methodsA health economic evaluation was performed from a Chinese healthcare perspective, using a Markov model over a lifetime horizon based on a baseline cardiovascular (CV) event rate from claims database data and efficacy from the FOURIER trial. The health benefit was reflected in the decrease of LDL-C level, which led to a decrease of cardiovascular events. The costs of cardiovascular events and the utility value of each health state were derived from the published literature. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate the effects of uncertainty in parameters and the robustness of the model. The cost-effectiveness of evolocumab was also explored in patients with recent myocardial infarction (MI), at very high risk (VHR) of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), and homozygous familiar hypercholesterolemia (HoFH).

resultsIn patients with recent ACS, evolocumab was associated with incremental quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) of 1.33 and incremental costs of 115,782 yuan versus ezetimibe, both with background statin therapy, resulting in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of 87,050 yuan per QALY gained. The probability of evolocumab + statins being cost-effective at a threshold of 217,341 yuan (three times per capita GDP, 2020), compared with ezetimibe + statins, was 100% in patients with recent ACS, recent MI, VHR ASCVD, and HoFH.

conclusionCompared with ezetimibe + statins, the combination of evolocumab + statins was found to be cost-effective at a threshold of 217,341 yuan (three times per capita GDP, 2020) in patients with recent ACS events in China.

Indexed as

Acute Coronary SyndromeAnticholesteremic AgentsAtherosclerosisCardiovascular DiseasesHomozygous Familial HypercholesterolemiaHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedCholesterol, LDLCost-Benefit AnalysisCost-Effectiveness AnalysisEzetimibeHumansProprotein Convertase 9Antibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAnticholesteremic AgentsCholesterol, LDLevolocumabEzetimibeHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsPCSK9 protein, humanProprotein Convertase 9Acute coronary syndromeCost-effectivenessEvolocumabLow-density lipoprotein cholesterolMarkov modelPCSK9 inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID35467312
OpenAlexW4224320673

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.