SynthesisNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2022
[18F]FDG brain PET and clinical symptoms in different autoantibodies of autoimmune encephalitis: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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8 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- [18F]fluorodeprenyl-D2 PET can detect and monitor astrogliosis in anti-LGI1-IgG autoimmune encephalitis.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026Article
- The Role of [Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Clinical Features of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase-65 Neurological Autoimmunity: A Case Series From China.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
- The clinical and predictive value ofCNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Article
- Functional connectivity changes of the hippocampal subregions in anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis.Brain imaging and behavior · 2024Article
- PET/CT Imaging of Infectious Diseases: Overview of Novel Radiopharmaceuticals.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Quantitative brainAnnals of clinical and translational neurology · 2024Article
- Typical metabolic pattern ofBMC neuroscience · 2023Article
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7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
introductionAutoimmune encephalitis (AE) is caused by the antibodies that target receptors and intracellular or surface proteins. To achieve the appropriate therapeutic results, early and proper diagnosis is still the most important issue. In this review, we provide an overview of FDG-PET imaging findings in AE patients and possible relation to different subtypes and clinical features.
methodsPubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched in August 2021 using a predefined search strategy.
resultsAfter two-step reviewing, 22 studies with a total of 332 participants were entered into our qualitative synthesis. In anti-NMDAR encephalitis, decreased activity in the occipital lobe was present, in addition, to an increase in frontal, parietal, and specifically medial temporal activity. Anti-VGKC patients showed altered metabolism in cortical and subcortical regions such as striata and cerebellum. Abnormal metabolism in patients with anti-LGI1 has been reported in diverse areas of the brain including medial temporal, hippocampus, cerebellum, and basal ganglia all of which had hypermetabolism. Hypometabolism in parietal, frontal, occipital lobes, temporal, frontal, and hippocampus was observed in AE patients with anti-GAD antibodies.
conclusionOur results indicate huge diversity in metabolic patterns among different AE subtypes and it is hard to draw a firm conclusion. Moreover, the timing of imaging, seizures, and acute treatments can alter the PET patterns strongly. Further prospective investigations with specific inclusion and exclusion criteria should be carried out to identify the metabolic defect in different AE subtypes.
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