ArticleParasites & vectors2022
Association between feline immunodeficiency virus and Leishmania infantum infections in cats: a retrospective matched case-control study.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- LeishVet update and current recommendations on feline leishmaniosis.Parasites & vectors · 2026Review
- Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum and Leishmania (Sauroleishmania) tarentolae in outdoor cats and report of infection in feline-derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Feline Leishmaniosis: A Retrospective Study of Seroprevalence in Cats in the Campania Region, Southern Italy.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- A New Rapid Indirect ELISA Test for Serological Diagnosis of Feline Immunodeficiency.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Feline immunodeficiency virus: current insights into pathogenesis, clinical impact, and advances in treatment and vaccine development.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Review
- Exploring Emerging Challenges: Survey on Phlebotomine Sand Flies andPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Feline leishmaniosis in the Mediterranean Basin: a multicenter study.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- The erythrocyte sedimentation rate and other markers of inflammation in cats tested for Leishmania infantum and feline immunodeficiency virus antibodies.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Coinfection withMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Article
- Long-term follow-up of a case of feline leishmaniosis treated with a combination of allopurinol and meglumine antimoniate.The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne · 2023Article
- Serological and Molecular Survey ofMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Vector-borne and other pathogens of potential relevance disseminated by relocated cats.Parasites & vectors · 2022Review
- Hemogram Findings in Cats from an Area Endemic forVeterinary sciences · 2022Article
- Article
- A case report of leishmaniosis with primary oral manifestation in a cat.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFeline leishmaniosis caused by Leishmania infantum is often associated with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection; however, the role and clinical significance of this coinfection remain unknown. This study aimed to assess whether FIV is associated with L. infantum infection in cats from canine leishmaniosis endemic areas and to report the clinical signs and hematological alterations associated with coinfection.
methodsA retrospective matched case-control study (ratio 1:2) was conducted. Data of clinical examination and complete blood count (CBC) were selected from a cohort of 705 cats examined for epidemiological studies on feline leishmaniosis conducted between 2012 and 2019. Ninety-one FIV seropositive cases and 182 FIV seronegative control cats were selected. Matching was done according to age, sex, lifestyle and geographic provenience of case cats. Rapid ELISA devices were mainly used to detect anti-FIV antibodies. Anti-Leishmania IgG antibodies were detected by indirect-immunofluorescence test (IFAT). Leishmania DNA was searched in blood, oral and conjunctival swabs by quantitative real-time PCR.
resultsFeline immunodeficiency virus seropositive cats had no hematological abnormalities suggestive of an advanced stage of FIV infection and were statistically more frequently IFAT positive, and their risk of being L. infantum antibody positive was 2.8 greater than in the FIV seronegatives. The association of FIV seropositivity with L. infantum antibody positivity was confirmed in the univariable model of logistic regression. A multivariate model found FIV infection and L. infantum PCR positivity as predictors of a positive L. infantum IFAT result. Male outdoor cats from rural or suburban areas were at risk for FIV and L. infantum antibody positivity. Clinical signs more frequently associated with the coinfection were oral lesions, pale mucous membranes and low body condition score (BCS).
conclusionsThis study documents that FIV seropositive cats with no hematological abnormalities suggestive of an advanced stage of FIV infection are more prone to be L. infantum seroreactive by IFAT in endemic areas. Therefore, FIV seropositive cats should be tested for L. infantum antibodies and treated for preventing sand fly bites. Pale mucous membranes, low BCS and oral lesions but no CBC abnormalities were significantly associated with the coinfection.
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