SynthesisESC heart failure2022
Sex differences in efficacy of pharmacological therapies in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: a meta-analysis.
Synthesis in ESC heart failure, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex differences in efficacy of pharmacological therapies in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: a meta-analysis.ESC heart failure · 2022Pooled it
- Multi-Chamber Reverse Remodeling and Hemodynamic Force Realignment After SGLT2 Inhibitor Initiation in Real-World Heart Failure.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2026Article
- Sex Differences in Antiarrhythmic Effects of Empagliflozin: The EMPA-ICD Trial Subanalysis.JACC. Asia · 2026Article
- Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in Heart Failure.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Migraine in men.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Review
- Prognostic value of the lactate-to-albumin ratio in critically ill chronic heart failure patients with sepsis: insights from a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Sex differences in clinical characteristics and long-term clinical outcomes in Asian hospitalized heart failure patients.ESC heart failure · 2024Article
- Italian Association of Hospital Cardiologists Position Paper 'Gender discrepancy: time to implement gender-based clinical management'.European heart journal supplements : journal of the European Society of Cardiology · 2024Article
- Implications of Sex Differences on the Treatment Effectiveness in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction Related to Clinical Endpoints and Quality of Life.Current heart failure reports · 2024Review
- Review
- Sex and gender differences in myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy: An update.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsRecent studies have suggested potential sex differences in treatment response to pharmacological therapies in heart failure (HF). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies comparing treatment effects between men and women with HF and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) using established guideline-directed medical therapy and other emerging pharmacological treatments. METHODS AND
resultsSystematic search was performed on PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials published in 1990-2021. Outcomes were all-cause mortality and combined outcome of all-cause mortality and/or hospitalization for HF. Of 618 articles identified, 25 articles and 100 213 patients (mean age 62 ± 1.7 years, women 23.1%, mean left ventricular ejection fraction 26.6 ± 1.3%) were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. For the outcome of all-cause mortality, there was no evidence of treatment heterogeneity by sex for renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASi) [hazard ratio (HR) 0.86 (95% confidence interval 0.75-0.99) in men; HR 0.97 (0.77-1.23) in women; P
conclusionsOur meta-analysis showed no differences between sex in treatment effect for BB and RASi. Review on previously published trials for MRA, SGLT2i, and emerging therapies presented consistent treatment effects between men and women.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.