Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35604105›Full record

ReviewPlant physiology2022

The digestive systems of carnivorous plants.

Matthias Freund, Dorothea Graus, Andreas Fleischmann, Kadeem J Gilbert, Qianshi Lin, Tanya Renner, Christian Stigloher, Victor A Albert, Rainer Hedrich, Kenji Fukushima

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Plant physiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed
9.0field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Carnivorous Plants as Model Species for Recent and Further Studies.Results and problems in cell differentiation · 2026
    Review
  7. The Localization of Cell Wall Components in the Whole-Mount ImmunolabeledInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
  8. Review
  9. External Glands ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
  10. Are carnivorous plants mixotrophic?The New phytologist · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Biomechanics on Ultra-Sensitivity of Venus Flytrap's Micronewton Trigger Hairs.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.

Matthias FreundInstitute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-5683-6275
Dorothea GrausInstitute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-9709-3941
Andreas FleischmannBotanische Staatssammlung München and GeoBio-Center LMU, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-4917-4736
Kadeem J GilbertDepartment of Plant Biology & W.K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, Michigan 49060, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0105-8020
Qianshi LinDepartment of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-5477-8000
Tanya RennerDepartment of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0442-0056
Christian StigloherImaging Core Facility of the Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-6941-2669
Victor A AlbertDepartment of Biological Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0262-826X
Rainer HedrichInstitute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-3224-1362
Kenji FukushimaInstitute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-2353-9274
University of Würzburg · DEBayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie · DEMichigan State University · USPennsylvania State University · USUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New York · USUniversity of British Columbia · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To survive in the nutrient-poor habitats, carnivorous plants capture small organisms comprising complex substances not suitable for immediate reuse. The traps of carnivorous plants, which are analogous to the digestive systems of animals, are equipped with mechanisms for the breakdown and absorption of nutrients. Such capabilities have been acquired convergently over the past tens of millions of years in multiple angiosperm lineages by modifying plant-specific organs including leaves. The epidermis of carnivorous trap leaves bears groups of specialized cells called glands, which acquire substances from their prey via digestion and absorption. The digestive glands of carnivorous plants secrete mucilage, pitcher fluids, acids, and proteins, including digestive enzymes. The same (or morphologically distinct) glands then absorb the released compounds via various membrane transport proteins or endocytosis. Thus, these glands function in a manner similar to animal cells that are physiologically important in the digestive system, such as the parietal cells of the stomach and intestinal epithelial cells. Yet, carnivorous plants are equipped with strategies that deal with or incorporate plant-specific features, such as cell walls, epidermal cuticles, and phytohormones. In this review, we provide a systematic perspective on the digestive and absorptive capacity of convergently evolved carnivorous plants, with an emphasis on the forms and functions of glands.

Indexed as

Carnivorous PlantMagnoliopsidaAnimalsBiological TransportPlant LeavesPolysaccharidesPolysaccharides

Identifiers

PMID35604105
PMCPMC9434158
OpenAlexW4281298112

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.