ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
Synergistic Activity of Ketoconazole and Miconazole with Prochloraz in Inducing Oxidative Stress, GSH Depletion, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Apoptosis in Mouse Sertoli TM4 Cells.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- The anti-fungal effect of miconazole and miconazole-loaded chitosan nanoparticles gels in diabetic patients with Oral candidiasis-randomized control clinical trial and microbiological analysis.BMC oral health · 2024Trial
- Melatonin attenuates reproductive toxicity of prothioconazole and its metabolite via spermatogenesis and oxidative stress.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Endocrine Disrupting Agents: Toxicological Aspects on Male Reproduction.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2025Review
- Pyrroloquinoline Quinone (PQQ) Attenuates Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Injury Through the Enhancement of Mitochondrial Function in Human Trabecular Meshwork Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Excavatolide C has oxidative-stress-dependent antiproliferative and apoptotic effects against breast cancer cells.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Understanding the impact of triazoles on female fertility and embryo development: Mechanisms and implications.Toxicology reports · 2025Review
- Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Mechanism ofAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Mechanism of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation disorder in male infertility.Chinese medical journal · 2025Review
- Effective adaptation of flight muscles to tebuconazole-induced oxidative stress in honey bees.Heliyon · 2025Article
- Ketoconazole-Fumaric Acid Pharmaceutical Cocrystal: From Formulation Design for Bioavailability Improvement to Biocompatibility Testing and Antifungal Efficacy Evaluation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Dissipation and Dietary Risk Assessment of Prochloraz in Strawberries under Greenhouse Conditions.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Oxidative Stress, Cytotoxic and Inflammatory Effects of Azoles Combinatorial Mixtures in Sertoli TM4 Cells.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Impact of endocrine disrupting chemicals and pharmaceuticals on Sertoli cell development and functions.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Cytotoxicity, Mitochondrial Functionality, and Redox Status of Human Conjunctival Cells after Short and Chronic Exposure to Preservative-Free Bimatoprost 0.03% and 0.01%: An In Vitro Comparative Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Multi-Target Effects of ß-Caryophyllene and Carnosic Acid at the Crossroads of Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neurodegeneration: From Oxidative Stress to Microglia-Mediated Neuroinflammation.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Triazole and imidazole fungicides represent an emerging class of pollutants with endocrine-disrupting properties. Concerning mammalian reproduction, a possible causative role of antifungal compounds in inducing toxicity has been reported, although currently, there is little evidence about potential cooperative toxic effects. Toxicant-induced oxidative stress (OS) may be an important mechanism potentially involved in male reproductive dysfunction. Thus, to clarify the molecular mechanism underlying the effects of azoles on male reproduction, the individual and combined potential of fluconazole (FCZ), prochloraz (PCZ), miconazole (MCZ), and ketoconazole (KCZ) in triggering in vitro toxicity, redox status alterations, and OS in mouse TM4 Sertoli cells (SCs) was investigated. In the present study, we demonstrate that KCZ and MCZ, alone or in synergistic combination with PCZ, strongly impair SC functions, and this event is, at least in part, ascribed to OS. In particular, azoles-induced cytotoxicity is associated with growth inhibitory effects, G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, mitochondrial dysfunction, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, imbalance of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) specific activity, glutathione (GSH) depletion, and apoptosis. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) inhibits ROS accumulation and rescues SCs from azole-induced apoptosis. PCZ alone exhibits only cytostatic and pro-oxidant properties, while FCZ, either individually or in combination, shows no cytotoxic effects up to 320 µM.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.