ReviewArchives of toxicology2022
Roles of selected non-P450 human oxidoreductase enzymes in protective and toxic effects of chemicals: review and compilation of reactions.
Review in Archives of toxicology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary Polyphenols as Modulators of Redox Signalling: From the Antioxidant-Pro-Oxidant Continuum to Clinical Translation (2015-2025).Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Review
- Characterizing oxidative metabolites of 6-methylnicotine (6MN; aka Metatine): divergent metabolism from nicotine and identification of urinary biomarkers of exposure.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2025Article
- Hazardous Interactions Between Food, Herbs, and Drugs in the First Stage of Biotransformation: Case Reports of Adverse Drug Interactions in Humans.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- MicrobeRX: a tool for enzymatic-reaction-based metabolite prediction in the gut microbiome.Microbiome · 2025Article
- Comparative Genomics and Pathogenicity Analysis of Three Fungal Isolates Causing Barnyard Grass Blast.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Roles of Individual Human Cytochrome P450 Enzymes in Drug Metabolism.Pharmacological reviews · 2024Review
- Method for assessing the content of molybdenum enzymes in the internal organs of fish.MethodsX · 2024Article
- Copper-Nitroxyl-Catalyzed α-Oxygenation of Cyclic Secondary Amines Including Application to Late-Stage Functionalization.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2024Article
- Activity of NAD(P)H-Oxidoreductases in Ovarian Cancer.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion of Psychiatric Drugs.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Genomic Survey of Flavin Monooxygenases in Wild and Cultivated Rice Provides Insight into Evolution and Functional Diversities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
This is an overview of the metabolic reactions of drugs, natural products, physiological compounds, and other (general) chemicals catalyzed by flavin monooxygenase (FMO), monoamine oxidase (MAO), NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase (NQO), and molybdenum hydroxylase enzymes (aldehyde oxidase (AOX) and xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR)), including roles as substrates, inducers, and inhibitors of the enzymes. The metabolism and bioactivation of selected examples of each group (i.e., drugs, "general chemicals," natural products, and physiological compounds) are discussed. We identified a higher fraction of bioactivation reactions for FMO enzymes compared to other enzymes, predominately involving drugs and general chemicals. With MAO enzymes, physiological compounds predominate as substrates, and some products lead to unwanted side effects or illness. AOX and XOR enzymes are molybdenum hydroxylases that catalyze the oxidation of various heteroaromatic rings and aldehydes and the reduction of a number of different functional groups. While neither of these two enzymes contributes substantially to the metabolism of currently marketed drugs, AOX has become a frequently encountered route of metabolism among drug discovery programs in the past 10-15 years. XOR has even less of a role in the metabolism of clinical drugs and preclinical drug candidates than AOX, likely due to narrower substrate specificity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.