Evidence mapPaperPMID 35656560Full record

SynthesisDiabetes & metabolism journal2022

Effect of Carbohydrate-Restricted Diets and Intermittent Fasting on Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, and Hypertension Management: Consensus Statement of the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity, Korean Diabetes Association, and Korean Society of Hypertension.

Jong Han Choi, Yoon Jeong Cho, Hyun-Jin Kim, Seung-Hyun Ko, Suk Chon, Jee-Hyun Kang, Kyoung-Kon Kim, Eun Mi Kim, Hyun Jung Kim, Kee-Ho Song and 7 more

Open access · goldAbstract readConsensus StatementMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Diabetes & metabolism journal, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Metabolic changes with intermittent fasting.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2024
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. The Related Metabolic Diseases and Treatments of Obesity.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
    Review
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.

Jong Han Choi *Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Yoon Jeong Cho *Department of Family Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
Hyun-Jin Kim *Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Seung-Hyun KoDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
Suk ChonDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
Jee-Hyun KangDepartment of Family Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
Kyoung-Kon KimDepartment of Family Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
Eun Mi KimDepartment of Dietetics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
Hyun Jung KimInstitute for Evidence-based Medicine, Cochrane Korea, Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Kee-Ho SongDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Ga Eun NamDepartment of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Kwang Il KimDivision of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Committee of Clinical Practice Guidelines
Korean Society for the Study of Obesity (KSSO)
Committee of Clinical Practice Guidelines and Committee of Food and Nutrition, Korean Diabetes Association (KDA)
Policy Committee of Korean Society of Hypertension (KSH)
Policy Development Committee of National Academy of Medicine of Korea (NAMOK)
Korea University · KRGachon University · KRKonkuk University Medical Center · KRDaegu Catholic University · KRKangbuk Samsung Hospital · KRKonyang University · KRKyung Hee University · KRThe Catholic University of Korea St. Vincent's Hospital · KR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Carbohydrate-restricted diets and intermittent fasting (IF) have been rapidly gaining interest among the general population and patients with cardiometabolic disease, such as overweight or obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. However, there are limited expert recommendations for these dietary regimens. This study aimed to evaluate the level of scientific evidence on the benefits and harms of carbohydrate-restricted diets and IF to make responsible recommendations. A meta-analysis and systematic literature review of 66 articles on 50 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of carbohydrate-restricted diets and 10 articles on eight RCTs of IF was performed. Based on the analysis, the following recommendations are suggested. In adults with overweight or obesity, a moderately-low carbohydrate or low carbohydrate diet (mLCD) can be considered as a dietary regimen for weight reduction. In adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus, mLCD can be considered as a dietary regimen for improving glycemic control and reducing body weight. In contrast, a very-low carbohydrate diet (VLCD) and IF are recommended against in patients with diabetes. Furthermore, no recommendations are suggested for VLCD and IF in adults with overweight or obesity, and carbohydrate-restricted diets and IF in patients with hypertension. Here, we describe the results of our analysis and the evidence for these recommendations.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2HypertensionAdultDiet, Carbohydrate-RestrictedFastingHumansObesityOverweightRepublic of KoreaCarbohydratesDiabetes mellitusDietHypertensionObesity

Identifiers

PMID35656560
PMCPMC9171155
OpenAlexW4281556721

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.