Trial reportHuman brain mapping2022
Cognitive enhancement: Effects of methylphenidate, modafinil, and caffeine on latent memory and resting state functional connectivity in healthy adults.
Trial report in Human brain mapping, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Graph analysis uncovers an opposing impact of methylphenidate on connectivity patterns within default mode network sub-divisions.Behavioral and brain functions : BBF · 2024Trial
- 5-HTBiological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2023Trial
- Cognitive enhancement: Effects of methylphenidate, modafinil, and caffeine on latent memory and resting state functional connectivity in healthy adults.Human brain mapping · 2022Trial
- Neurobehavioral Association Between Macroscopic Network Decoupling and Reduced Eating Impulsivity: A Longitudinal fMRI Study in Bulimia Nervosa.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Potential of intranasal caffeine as a delivery route for treating glutamate-linked hippocampal neurodegeneration by activating endogenous antioxidant defenses.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Cortical synchrony is reduced in Alzheimer's disease and relates to arousal state.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- The Effect of Caffeine Consumption and Acute Withdrawal on Resting-State fMRI Brain Connectivity, Mood and Cognition.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Article
- Multidimensional structural-functional coupling uncovers network dysregulation and predicts binge-eating severity in bulimia nervosa.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Altered intra- and inter-network functional connectivity in pituitary adenomas with chiasmal compression.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2025Article
- Caffeine in Aging Brains: Cognitive Enhancement, Neurodegeneration, and Emerging Concerns About Addiction.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Review
- Review
- Stable interindividual differences in modafinil's effect on vigilance during sleep deprivation.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Distinct neural mechanisms of alpha binaural beats and white noise for cognitive enhancement in young adults.AIMS neuroscience · 2025Article
- Association between iron intake and excessive daytime sleepiness in the community-dwelling Japanese: the Toon Health Study.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2024Article
- Pharmacological Cognitive Enhancement Among International Medical Students: Assessing Study Habits as a Novel Factor.Medical science educator · 2024Article
- Adapting Ourselves, Instead of the Environment: An Inquiry into Human Enhancement for Function and Beyond.Integrative psychological & behavioral science · 2024Article
- Alterations of functional brain activity and connectivity in female nurses working on long-term shift.Nursing open · 2024Article
- Mechanisms of Post-Stroke Fatigue: A Follow-Up From the Third Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation Roundtable.Neurorehabilitation and neural repair · 2024Review
- Investigating the acute cognitive effects of dietary compounds using fNIRS: methodological limitations and perspectives for research targeting healthy adults.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2024Review
- The influence of insight on risky decision making and nucleus accumbens activation.Scientific reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Stimulants like methylphenidate, modafinil, and caffeine have repeatedly shown to enhance cognitive processes such as attention and memory. However, brain-functional mechanisms underlying such cognitive enhancing effects of stimulants are still poorly characterized. Here, we utilized behavioral and resting-state fMRI data from a double-blind randomized placebocontrolled study of methylphenidate, modafinil, and caffeine in 48 healthy male adults. The results show that performance in different memory tasks is enhanced, and functional connectivity (FC) specifically between the frontoparietal network (FPN) and default mode network (DMN) is modulated by the stimulants in comparison to placebo. Decreased negative connectivity between right prefrontal and medial parietal but also between medial temporal lobe and visual brain regions predicted stimulant-induced latent memory enhancement. We discuss dopamine's role in attention and memory as well as its ability to modulate FC between large-scale neural networks (e.g., FPN and DMN) as a potential cognitive enhancement mechanism.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.