ReviewViruses2022
HIV Antiretroviral Medication Neuropenetrance and Neurocognitive Outcomes in HIV+ Adults: A Review of the Literature Examining the Central Nervous System Penetration Effectiveness Score.
Review in Viruses, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuropsychiatric Outcomes in Children and Adolescents With Perinatally Acquired HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2025Pooled it
- HIV associated motor neuron disease (MND): A case series with systematic review of literature.Journal of neurovirology · 2025Pooled it
- Antiretroviral Therapy Intensification With Dolutegravir and/or Maraviroc Did Not Affect HIV-1 Cell-Associated DNA, RNA, and 2--LTR Circles Over 12 Weeks.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- Antiretroviral Therapy Intensification for Neurocognitive Impairment in Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Trial
- Establishment of an in vitro human blood-brain barrier model for antiviral screening against neurotropic viruses.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2026Article
- Syphilis and neurosyphilis in people living with HIV: analysis of cerebrospinal fluid findings.Infection · 2026Article
- A novel measure of antiretroviral activity in cerebrospinal fluid and association with HIV persistence and cognitive function.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
- Cannabis use by people with HIV is associated with an anti-inflammatory immunometabolic phenotype in monocyte-derived macrophages.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Article
- Association between cognitive function, socio-clinical factors and biomarkers among Panamanian adults living with and without HIV: A cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Identifying and distinguishing cognitive profiles among virally suppressed people with HIV.Neuropsychology · 2024Article
- Review
- In Vitro and In Silico Antiviral Activity of Di-Halogenated Compounds Derived from L-Tyrosine against Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 (HIV-1).Current issues in molecular biology · 2023Article
- Correlation of HIV-Induced Neuroinflammation and Synaptopathy with Impairment of Learning and Memory in Mice with HAND.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Assessment and Diagnosis of HIV-Associated Dementia.Viruses · 2023Review
- Neurocognitive improvement in HIV-positive patients treated with dolutegravir-based regimens.The South African journal of psychiatry : SAJP : the journal of the Society of Psychiatrists of South Africa · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
This literature review summarizes the existing research examining the CNS penetration effectiveness (CPE) score and neurocognitive outcomes (i.e., neuropsychological assessment and neurocognitive screening) in HIV+ individuals. Despite the effectiveness of Combined Antiretroviral Therapy (CART) in reducing mortality and morbidity in HIV and controlling viral replication, HIV often persists in the Central Nervous System (CNS), and rates of neurocognitive impairment remain higher than predicted in the post-CART era. The CPE score was developed to rank antiretroviral regimens on their ability to penetrate the CNS and potency in inhibiting the virus, and it has been examined in relation to neurocognitive functioning for over a decade. Based on the results of 23 studies, we conclude that CPE is not as strongly associated with neurocognitive outcomes as initially hypothesized, although higher CPE ARV regimens may be associated with modest, improved outcomes in global neurocognitive functioning, and to a lesser extent attention/working memory and learning/memory. Conclusions, however, are limited by the heterogeneity in study design and methods, and the lack of a more recent CPE metric update. It is recommended that future research in this area employ comprehensive, standardized neuropsychological test batteries and examine domain-level performance, and use the newer 2010 CPE metric, although an updated CPE ranking is urgently needed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.