ArticleFrontiers in psychiatry2022
Different Eye Tracking Patterns in Autism Spectrum Disorder in Toddler and Preschool Children.
Article in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Diagnostic Potential of Eye Tracking to Detect Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children: A Systematic Review.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Pooled it
- Correlation Between Gaze Behaviors and Social Communication Skills of Young Autistic Children: A Meta-Analysis of Eye-Tracking Studies.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of atypical visual attention towards non-social stimuli in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2024Pooled it
- Association between eye-tracking measures and Griffiths-III developmental scores at 18 months in healthy term-born children.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- A Data-Driven Unsupervised Framework for Discovering Interpretable Gaze-Based Behavioral Pseudo-Zones in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Home-based eye tracking for early autism screening: a scoping review of approaches, evidence, and implementation challenges.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Advantages of combining multiple eye-tracking paradigms for distinguishing young autistic from non-autistic children.Molecular autism · 2026Article
- Artificial intelligence, autism care, and health equity: a public health narrative review.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- Eye-Tracking as a Screening Tool in the Early Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Auxiliary diagnostic method for children with autism spectrum disorder based on virtual reality and eye-tracking technology.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Effects of Rope Therapy on Social Attention and Temperament Traits in Autistic Children.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Review
- [Machine learning algorithms for identifying autism spectrum disorder through eye-tracking in different intention videos].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2024Article
- Support vector machine prediction of individual Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) scores based on neural responses during live eye-to-eye contact.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- New eye tracking metrics system: the value in early diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Identification of diagnostic markers for ASD: a restrictive interest analysis based on EEG combined with eye tracking.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Eye-tracking paradigms for the assessment of mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been observed to be associated with fixation abnormality as measured eye tracking, but the dynamics behind fixation patterns across age remain unclear. Materials and Methods: In this study, we investigated gaze patterns between toddlers and preschoolers with and without ASD while they viewed video clips and still images (i.e., mouth-moving face, biological motion, mouthing face vs. moving object, still face picture vs. objects, and moving toys). Results: We found that the fixation time percentage of children with ASD showed significant decrease compared with that of TD children in almost all areas of interest (AOI) except for moving toy (helicopter). We also observed a diagnostic group (ASD vs. TD) and chronological age (Toddlers vs. preschooler) interaction for the eye AOI during the mouth-moving video clip. Support vector machine analysis showed that the classifier could discriminate ASD from TD in toddlers with an accuracy of 80% and could discriminate ASD from TD in preschoolers with an accuracy of 71%. Conclusion: Our results suggest that toddlers and preschoolers may be associated with both common and distinct fixation patterns. A combination of eye tracking and machine learning methods has the potential to shed light on the development of new early screening/diagnosis methods for ASD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.