SynthesisJournal of thrombosis and thrombolysis2022
Thromboembolic complications of recreational nitrous oxide (ab)use: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recreational nitrous oxide-related myeloneuropathy in adolescents: a multicenter retrospective case series and systematic literature review.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Pooled it
- Neurophysiological Characteristics of Nitrous Oxide-Induced Polyneuropathy: A Case Series.Journal of the peripheral nervous system : JPNS · 2026Article
- Fatal pulmonary thromboembolism associated with excessive nitrous oxide consumption over several weeks.International journal of legal medicine · 2026Article
- Efficacy of low-concentration nitrous oxide gas anesthesia in routine cataract microsurgeries.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Saddle Pulmonary Embolism Secondary to Nitrous Oxide Use: A Case Report and Literature Review.Cureus · 2025Article
- Effect of Virtual Reality on Pain and Anxiety During Epidural Steroid Injection in Patients with Lumbar Radicular Pain: An Open-Label Randomized Trial.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Nitrous oxide (N2O) recreational use is increasing across Germany - a survey of the German neurological society among practicing neurologists.Neurological research and practice · 2025Article
- Article
- First episode of catatonia followed by a psychotic episode related to chronic nitrous oxide use: A case report.Drug and alcohol review · 2025Article
- Nitrous oxide use and psychiatric disorders: a retrospective clinical cohort study on prevalence and patterns.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Concurrence of Subacute Combined Degeneration and Deep Vein Thrombosis After Chronic Nitrous Oxide Abuse.Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea) · 2025Article
- Article
- Right iliac deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism associated with recreational nitrous oxide: a case report.International journal of emergency medicine · 2024Article
- Life-Threatening Thrombosis After Large Amounts of Nitrous Oxide Use.JACC. Case reports · 2024Article
- Recreational nitrous oxide and thrombotic events: a case series.BMJ neurology open · 2024Article
- An overview of the use of psychoactive substances among students at the University of Lille during the COVID-19 health crisis: Results of the PETRA study.Dialogues in clinical neuroscience · 2023Article
- Nitrous Oxide Abuse: Clinical Outcomes, Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicity and Impact on Metabolism.Toxics · 2023Review
- Review
- Nitrous Oxide Inhalant Abuse: Preliminary Results from a Cross-Sectional Study on Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Italian Physicians (2023).Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Nitrous oxide-induced myeloneuropathy: a case series.Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The recreatinal use of nitrous oxide has become more common in recent years, especially in adolescents and young adults. It has been mainly associated with medical conditions like megaloblastic anemia and (myelo)neuropathy. We report on the thromboembolic complications, a less known side effect, associated with recreational inhalation of nitrous oxide. An extensive literature search was performed for publications reporting on the thromboembolic complications associated with recreational nitrous oxide abuse. Data about sex, age, location of thrombosis, laboratory findings, therapy and outcome were collected. A total of 13 case reports or case series were identified comprising a total of 14 patients. The reported thromboembolic side effects included deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, mesenterial-, portal and splenic vein thrombosis, cerebral sinus thrombosis, cortical vein thrombosis, stroke, acute myocardial infarction and peripheral artery thromboembolism. These side effects are possibly mediated by the interaction of nitrous oxide with vitamin B12, a cofactor of the methionine synthase complex, which eventually results in elevation of plasma levels of homocysteine. Despite being a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease, the exact pathophysiological mechanism remains unclear. Cessation of nitrous oxide inhalation is necessary to prevent recurrent thrombosis. Nitrous oxide abuse may thus result in a wide spectrum of thromboembolic complications. One should be aware of this etiology, especially in a young person with no obvious risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Spreading awareness is important to inform people about the potentially serious side effects associated with nitrous oxide inhalation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.