SynthesisClinical and experimental immunology2022
In vivo quantitative imaging of hippocampal inflammation in autoimmune neuroinflammatory conditions: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Clinical and experimental immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sustained hippocampal neuroinflammation and subsequent glutamatergic dysfunction in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: evidence from proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (Arthritis research & therapy · 2025Article
- TSPO PET/MR in neuropsychiatric lupus: neuroinflammatory metabolic signatures and diagnostic biomarkers.Lupus science & medicine · 2025Article
- Alterations in cerebral perfusion and corresponding brain functional networks in systemic lupus erythematosus with cognitive impairment.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Asthma and Memory Function in Children.JAMA network open · 2024Observational
- The potential therapeutic role of itaconate and mesaconate on the detrimental effects of LPS-induced neuroinflammation in the brain.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- The neural and cardiovascular effects of exposure of gram-positive bacterial inflammation in preterm fetal sheep.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2024Article
- Clinical and Experimental Immunology: highlights from 2022.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2023Article
- Advanced methods and novel biomarkers in autoimmune diseases ‑ a review of the recent years progress in systemic lupus erythematosus.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The hippocampus is a morphologically complex region of the brain limbic system centrally involved in important cognitive, affective, and behavioural regulatory roles. It has exquisite vulnerability to neuroinflammatory processes, with some of its subregions found to be specific sites of neuroinflammatory pathology in ex-vivo studies. Optimizing neuroimaging correlates of hippocampal neuroinflammation would enable the direct study of functional consequences of hippocampal neuroinflammatory pathology, as well as the definition of therapeutic end-points for treatments targeting neuroinflammation, and their related affective or cognitive sequelae. However, in vivo traditional imaging of the hippocampus and its subregions is fraught with difficulties, due to methodological challenges deriving from its unique anatomical characteristics. The main objective of this review is to provide a current update on the characterization of quantitative neuroimaging correlates of hippocampal neuroinflammation by focusing on three prototypical autoimmune neuro-inflammatory conditions [multiple sclerosis (MS), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and autoimmune encephalitis (AE)]. We focused on studies employing TSPO-targeting positron emission tomography (PET), quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and spectroscopy techniques assumed to be sensitive to neuroinflammatory tissue changes. We found 18 eligible studies (14, 2, and 2 studies in MS, AE, and SLE, respectively). Across conditions, the largest effect was seen in TSPO PET and diffusion-weighted MRI studies. No study examined neuroinflammation-related changes at the hippocampal subfield level. Overall, results were largely inconsistent due to heterogeneous imaging methods, small sample sizes, and different population studies. We discuss how these data could inform future study design and conclude by suggesting further methodological directions aimed at improving the precision and sensitivity of neuroimaging techniques to characterize hippocampal neuroinflammatory pathology in the human brain.
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