ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
Effect of the Size of Titanium Particles Released from Dental Implants on Immunological Response.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- A novel host-based strategy for detecting low-grade prosthetic joint infection using immune cell pattern in synovial fluid.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Biofilm removal capacity and titanium surface integrity in non-abrasive versus abrasive peri-implantitis cleaning interventions.Journal of periodontology · 2026Article
- Regulation of bone immunity by metal ions: a review of mechanisms and application progress.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immunological and tissue reactions to titanium particles generated by the mechanical decontamination of dental implants: In vitro and in vivo study.Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal · 2026Article
- Cytocompatibility and Microbiological Effects of Ti6Al4V Particles Generated During Implantoplasty on Human Fibroblasts, Osteoblasts, and Multispecies Oral Biofilm.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Bactericidal nanotopography of titanium dental implants: in vitro and in vivo studies.Clinical oral investigations · 2025Article
- The Influence of the Machining Drill and Direction of Rotation on the Surfaces of Ti6Al4V Dental Implants Subjected to Implantoplasty.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2025Article
- The Novel iMPACT Tool and Quadrant Protocol for Peri-Implantitis: Surface Refinement and Re-Osseointegration Validated by SEM/EDS and Long-Term Clinical Case Reports.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Loss of Mass and Surface Topography in 3-Dimensional-Printed Solid Titanium Cages Upon Impaction: An In Vitro Model.Neurospine · 2025Article
- Patient Centricity-An Empirical Research on Titanium Dental Implants and Their Adverse Effects on Health Condition.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- On the Use of Nanoparticles in Dental Implants.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Tissue response following implantation with the posterior dynamic distraction device (PDDD) in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2024Article
- Fracture Resistance of a Two-Piece Zirconia Implant System after Artificial Loading and/or Hydrothermal Aging-An In Vitro Investigation.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2023Article
- In vitro evaluation of different protective techniques to reduce titanium particle contamination during implantoplasty.Clinical oral investigations · 2023Article
- Osteoimmune regulation underlies oral implant osseointegration and its perturbation.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The techniques used in oral implantology to remove bacterial biofilm from the surface of implants by machining the titanium surface (implantoplasty) or by placing rough dental implants through friction with the cortical bone generate a large release of particles. In this work, we performed a simulation of particle generation following clinical protocols. The particles were characterized for commercially pure titanium with particle sizes of 5, 10, 15, and 30 μm. The aim was to determine the effect of particle size and chemical composition of the implant on the immune response. For this purpose, their morphology and possible contamination were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis. In addition, the granulometry, specific surface area, release of metal ions into the medium, and studies of cytocompatibility, gene expression, and cytokine release linked to the inflammatory process were studied. The release of ions for titanium particles showed levels below 800 ppb for all sizes. Smaller particle sizes showed less cytotoxicity, although particles of 15 μm presented higher levels of cytocompatibility. In addition, inflammatory markers (TNFα and Il-1β) were higher compared to larger titanium. Specifically, particles of 15 μm presented a lower proinflammatory and higher anti-inflammatory response as characterized by gene expression and cytokine release, compared to control or smaller particles. Therefore, in general, there is a greater tendency for smaller particles to produce greater toxicity and a greater proinflammatory response.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.