ReviewEuropean heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy2022
Racial and ethnic differences in pharmacotherapy to prevent coronary artery disease and thrombotic events.
Review in European heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Optimal Strategy for Thromboprophylaxis in Fontan Circulation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis with a Focus on Ethnic Differences.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Pooled it
- GLP-1 receptor agonists and cardiovascular outcomes in Asian, Black or African American, and White populations: An updated meta-analysis including the SOUL trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of dual antiplatelet therapy de-escalation in East Asian individuals following percutaneous coronary intervention for acute coronary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of off-label low-dose compared with standard-dose antiplatelet agents in patients with coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis.Open heart · 2026Pooled it
- Matching in Organ Impairment Studies: A Systematic Review of Accepted Methodologies.The AAPS journal · 2025Pooled it
- Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Low Body Weight Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Cardiovascular drugs and therapy · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of Rimegepant for the Acute Treatment of Migraine in Adults of Hispanic or Latino Ethnicity: Post Hoc Analysis of Three Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trials.Neurology and therapy · 2026Article
- Advancing Wider Implementation of Multi-regional Clinical Trials in East Asia.Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science · 2026Review
- Observational
- Adjusting Antiplatelet Therapy Using P2YStroke (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Paradoxical myocardial infarction risk with dual antiplatelet therapy in East Asian ischaemic stroke: a nationwide real-world cohort study and pharmacogenomic risk prediction model.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2026Article
- Elevated level of estimated small dense LDL cholesterol is independently associated with the development of hypertension, regardless of LDL cholesterol level.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Article
- Race, ethnicity and ancestry in global diabetes research: grappling with complexity to advance equity and scientific integrity - a narrative review and viewpoint.Diabetologia · 2025Review
- Improving Representation of Underserved Populations in Cardiovascular Research.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Review
- Effects of Warfarin on the Risks of Mortality, Acute Heart Failure, and Infection Resolution in Patients With Infective Endocarditis: A Target Trial Emulation.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Observational
- Promoting Diversity through an Understanding of Barriers and Drivers for Inclusive Clinical Trials.Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science · 2025Article
- Effects of proton pump inhibitors on gastrointestinal bleeding and cardiovascular outcomes in myocardial infarction patients treated with DAPT.EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2025Observational
- Potent P2YCritical care (London, England) · 2025Article
- Demographic diversity in platelet function and response to antiplatelet therapy.Trends in pharmacological sciences · 2025Review
- The association between proton pump inhibitors and the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding in oral anticoagulants users.NPJ cardiovascular health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 8 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Awareness of racial/ethnic disparities represents a key challenge for healthcare systems that attempt to provide effective healthcare and to reduce existing inequalities in the use of and adherence to guideline-recommended cardiovascular drugs to improve clinical outcomes for cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this review, we describe important racial/ethnic differences between and within ethnic groups in the prevalence, risk factors, haemostatic factors, anti-inflammatory and endothelial markers, recurrence, and outcomes of CVD. We discuss important differences in the selection, doses, and response [efficacy and adverse drug reactions (ADRs)] in ethnically diverse patients treated with antithrombotics or lipid-lowering drugs. Differences in drug response are mainly related to racial/ethnic differences in the frequency of polymorphisms in genes encoding drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) and drug transporters. These polymorphisms markedly influence the pharmacokinetics, dose requirements, and safety of warfarin, clopidogrel, and statins. This review aims to support a better understanding of the genetic differences between and among populations to identify patients who may experience an ADR or a lack of drug response, thus optimizing therapy and improving outcomes. The greater the understanding of the differences in the genetic variants of DMEs and transporters that determine the differences in the exposure, efficacy, and safety of cardiovascular drugs between races/ethnicities, the greater the probability that personalized medicine will become a reality.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.