Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35850709›Full record

ArticleBMC psychiatry2022

The lived experience of severe mental illness and long-term conditions: a qualitative exploration of service user, carer, and healthcare professional perspectives on self-managing co-existing mental and physical conditions.

C Carswell, J V E Brown, J Lister, R A Ajjan, S L Alderson, A Balogun-Katung, S Bellass, K Double, S Gilbody, C E Hewitt and 9 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Challenges in the End-of-Life Care for Patients With Severe Persistent Mental Illness: A Case Series.Psychogeriatrics : the official journal of the Japanese Psychogeriatric Society · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. COPD and Schizophrenia.Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (Miami, Fla.) · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Strengthening the Delivery of Physical Healthcare for Adults Living With Serious Mental Illness - A Qualitative Description of Patient and Family Member Perspectives.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

C CarswellDepartment of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK. claire.carswell@york.ac.uk.
J V E BrownDepartment of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.
J ListerDepartment of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.
R A AjjanClinical and Population Sciences Department, Leeds institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
S L AldersonLeeds Institute of Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
A Balogun-KatungPopulation Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK.
S BellassDepartment of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.
K DoubleBradford District Care NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK.
S GilbodyDepartment of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.
C E HewittDepartment of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.
R I G HoltHuman Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
R JacobsCentre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK.
I KellarSchool of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
E PeckhamDepartment of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.
D ShiersPsychosis Research Unit, Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Trust, Manchester, UK.
J TaylorDepartment of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.
N SiddiqiDepartment of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.
P CoventryDepartment of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.
DIAMONDS Research team

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPeople with severe mental illness (SMI), such as schizophrenia, have higher rates of physical long-term conditions (LTCs), poorer health outcomes, and shorter life expectancy compared with the general population. Previous research exploring SMI and diabetes highlights that people with SMI experience barriers to self-management, a key component of care in long-term conditions; however, this has not been investigated in the context of other LTCs. The aim of this study was to explore the lived experience of co-existing SMI and LTCs for service users, carers, and healthcare professionals.

methodsA qualitative study with people with SMI and LTCs, their carers, and healthcare professionals, using semi-structured interviews, focused observations, and focus groups across the UK. Forty-one interviews and five focus groups were conducted between December 2018 and April 2019. Transcripts were coded by two authors and analysed thematically.

resultsThree themes were identified, 1) the precarious nature of living with SMI, 2) the circularity of life with SMI and LTCs, and 3) the constellation of support for self-management. People with co-existing SMI and LTCs often experience substantial difficulties with self-management of their health due to the competing demands of their psychiatric symptoms and treatment, social circumstances, and access to support. Multiple long-term conditions add to the burden of self-management. Social support, alongside person-centred professional care, is a key facilitator for managing health. An integrated approach to both mental and physical healthcare was suggested to meet service user and carer needs.

conclusionThe demands of living with SMI present a substantial barrier to self-management for multiple co-existing LTCs. It is important that people with SMI can access person-centred, tailored support for their LTCs that takes into consideration individual circumstances and priorities.

Indexed as

Mental DisordersSelf-ManagementCaregiversDelivery of Health CareHealth PersonnelHumansQualitative ResearchLong-term conditionsMental healthMultimorbidityQualitative researchSelf-managementSevere mental illness

Identifiers

PMID35850709
PMCPMC9295434

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.