Evidence mapPaperPMID 35858715Full record

ArticleBMJ open diabetes research & care2022

Cardiovascular risk management in people with type 1 diabetes: performance using three guidelines.

Rita Delphine Maiko Varkevisser, Erwin Birnie, Charlotte E Vollenbrock, Dick Mul, Peter R van Dijk, Melanie M van der Klauw, Henk Veeze, Bruce H R Wolffenbuttel, Henk-Jan Aanstoot

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open diabetes research & care, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Demographic Predictors of Elevated LDL Cholesterol in Type 1 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Observational
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Rita Delphine Maiko VarkevisserDepartment of Endocrinology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands r.d.m.varkevisser@umcg.nl.ORCID 0000-0002-5656-6244
Erwin BirnieDiabeter, Center for Focussed Diabetes Care and Research, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Charlotte E VollenbrockDepartment of Endocrinology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-0908-6560
Dick MulDiabeter, Center for Focussed Diabetes Care and Research, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Peter R van DijkDepartment of Endocrinology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-9702-6551
Melanie M van der KlauwDepartment of Endocrinology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Henk VeezeDiabeter, Center for Focussed Diabetes Care and Research, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Bruce H R WolffenbuttelDepartment of Endocrinology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-9262-6921
Henk-Jan AanstootDiabeter, Center for Focussed Diabetes Care and Research, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
University Medical Center Groningen · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Cardiovascular risk management is therefore essential in the management of individuals with T1DM. This study describes the performance of lipid and blood pressure management in individuals with T1DM using three guidelines. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsIndividuals ≥18 years with T1DM, treated with insulin for ≥1 year, visiting Diabeter or the University Medical Center Groningen between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2018, were included. Lipid and blood pressure management were examined using the Dutch, American Diabetes Association (ADA) and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines. Concordance of recommended and prescribed lipid-lowering (LLM) or antihypertensive medication (AHM) was assessed per guideline and 10-year age groups. Achievement of treatment targets was assessed for those prescribed medication.

resultsA total of 1855 individuals with T1DM were included. LLM and AHM was prescribed in 19% and 17%, respectively. In individuals recommended LLM, this was prescribed in 22%-46% according to Dutch, ADA or NICE guideline recommendations. For individuals recommended AHM, this was prescribed in 52%-75%. Recommended and actual prescription of LLM and AHM increased over age for all three guidelines. However, discordance between treatment recommendation and medication prescribed was higher in younger, compared with older, age groups. Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol targets were achieved by 50% (without CVD) and 31% (with CVD) of those prescribed LLM. The blood pressure target was achieved by 46% of those prescribed AHM.

conclusionThis study suggests that there is undertreatment of lipid and blood pressure according to guideline recommendations, particularly in younger age groups. Treatment targets are not met by most individuals prescribed medication, while guidelines recommendations differ considerably. We recommend to investigate the factors influencing undertreatment of lipid and blood pressure management in individuals with T1DM.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Antihypertensive AgentsCholesterol, LDLHeart Disease Risk FactorsHumansRisk FactorsAntihypertensive AgentsCholesterol, LDLdiabetes complicationsdiabetes mellitus, type 1guideline adherence

Identifiers

PMID35858715
PMCPMC9305824
OpenAlexW4286254602

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.