Evidence mapPaperPMID 35890074Full record

ArticlePharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2022

Pharmacogenetics of Metformin Transporters Suggests No Association with Therapeutic Inefficacy among Diabetes Type 2 Mexican Patients.

Adiel Ortega-Ayala, Nidia Samara Rodríguez-Rivera, Fernando de Andrés, Adrián LLerena, Eliseo Pérez-Silva, Adriana Guadalupe Espinosa-Sánchez, Juan Arcadio Molina-Guarneros

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Frequency of Polymorphisms inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Genetic Variants ofGenes · 2025
    Article
  5. Exome Sequence Data of Eight SLC Transporters Reveal ThatPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Article
  6. Impact ofBiomedical reports · 2024
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Adiel Ortega-AyalaPrograma de Maestría y Doctorado en Ciencias Médicas, Odontológicas y de la Salud, UNAM, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
Nidia Samara Rodríguez-RiveraDepartamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0002-1760-181X
Fernando de AndrésINUBE Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura, CICAB Clinical Research Centre, Hospital and Medical School of the Extremadura University, 06002 Badajoz, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-1076-0743
Adrián LLerenaINUBE Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura, CICAB Clinical Research Centre, Hospital and Medical School of the Extremadura University, 06002 Badajoz, Spain.
Eliseo Pérez-SilvaServicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad Ixtapaluca, Secretaría de Salud, Ixtapaluca 56530, Mexico.
Adriana Guadalupe Espinosa-SánchezPrograma de Maestría y Doctorado en Ciencias Médicas, Odontológicas y de la Salud, UNAM, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
Juan Arcadio Molina-GuarnerosDepartamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
Secretaria de Salud · MXUniversidad de Extremadura · ESUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México · MX

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mexico has been under official epidemiological alert due to diabetes since 2016. This study presents new information on the frequency and variants of metformin transporters OCT1, OCT2, OCT3, ABCB1, and CYP2C9 variants as well. It also reports the association with HbA1c control on 103 DMT2 patients. They were genotyped through real-time PCR (TaqMan assays) and grouped according to treatment: metformin and metformin + glibenclamide. Metformin plasmatic levels were determined through mass spectrometry. The analysis of HbA1c showed statistical significance across genotypes in polymorphisms rs72552763 (p = 0.022), rs622342 (p = 0.009), rs1128503 (p = 0.021), and rs2032582 (p = 0.009) within the monotherapy group. Bivariate analysis found no association between any polymorphism and HbA1c control. Two logistic regression models accounted for two diplotypes in OCT1 and ABCB1, including statistically significant covariates. The first model yielded significance in age (p = 0.026), treatment period [p = 0.001], BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (p = 0.043), and combined therapy (p < 0.001). There was no association with GAT/GAT of rs72552763 or A/A rs622342 in OCT1. The second model yielded significance in age (p = 0.017), treatment period (p = 0.001), BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (p = 0.042), and combined therapy (p < 0.001), finding no association with C/C of rs1128503 or G/G of rs2032582 in ABCB1. Our multinomial logistic regression results may benefit future predictive analyses in diabetic populations.

Indexed as

diabetes type 2metforminpharmacogeneticssulphonylureastherapeutic inefficacytransporters

Identifiers

PMID35890074
PMCPMC9318506
OpenAlexW4283318013

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.