ReviewERJ open research2022
Ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill patients with COVID-19 infection: a narrative review.
Review in ERJ open research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Resistance Paradox in COVID-19 Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: A Retrospective Study on Rapid Molecular Stewardship.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Immune monitoring, immune phenotyping, and precision intervention in severe pneumonia: current evidence and translational challenges.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Polymer-metal oxide composites of CuO and NiO as antimicrobial agents.BMC chemistry · 2025Article
- Antimicrobial resistance among agents of hospital-acquired lower respiratory tract infection in the UK and Ireland: trends from 2008/2009 to 2018/2019.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2025Article
- Does Empirical Antibiotic Use Improve Outcomes in Ventilated Patients with Pandemic Viral Infection? A Multicentre Retrospective Study.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Lipidomic signatures of ventilator-associated pneumonia in COVID-19 ARDS patients: a new frontier for diagnostic biomarkers.Annals of intensive care · 2025Article
- Mechanical Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in the COVID-19 Pandemic Era: A Critical Challenge in the Intensive Care Units.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Herpesviridae and Atypical Bacteria Co-Detections in Lower Respiratory Tract Samples of SARS-CoV-2-Positive Patients Admitted to an Intensive Care Unit.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Mortality, incidence, and microbiological documentation of ventilated acquired pneumonia (VAP) in critically ill patients with COVID-19 or influenza.Annals of intensive care · 2023Article
- Kinetics of C-Reactive Protein and Procalcitonin in the Early Identification of ICU-Acquired Infections in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- ICU-Acquired Colonization and Infection Related to Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in COVID-19 Patients: A Narrative Review.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection and pandemic period on healthcare-associated infections acquired in intensive care units.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2023Article
- Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in COVID-19 Patients Admitted in Intensive Care Units: Relapse, Therapeutic Failure and Attributable Mortality-A Multicentric Observational Study from the OutcomeRea Network.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Multidrug-resistant VAP before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among hospitalized patients in a tertiary private hospital.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
COVID pneumonitis can cause patients to become critically ill. They may require intensive care and mechanical ventilation. Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a concern. This review discusses VAP in this group. Several reasons have been proposed to explain the elevated rates of VAP in critically ill COVID patients compared to non-COVID patients. Extrinsic factors include understaffing, lack of personal protective equipment and use of immunomodulating agents. Intrinsic factors include severe parenchymal damage and immune dysregulation, along with pulmonary vascular endothelial inflammation and thrombosis. The rate of VAP has been reported at 45.4%, with an intensive care unit mortality rate of 42.7%. Multiple challenges to diagnosis exist. Other conditions such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary oedema and atelectasis can present with similar features. Frequent growth of gram-negative bacteria has been shown in multiple studies, with particularly high rates of
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.