ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2022
Improvements throughout the Three Waves of COVID-19 Pandemic: Results from 4 Million Inhabitants of North-West Italy.
Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Fenice project to evaluate and improve the quality of healthcare in high-dependency care units: results after the first year.Internal and emergency medicine · 2025Observational
- The changing demographics and severity in hospitalized patients across COVID-19 variants: A national cohort study.Journal of clinical and translational science · 2025Article
- HCG18, LEF1AS1 and lncCEACAM21 as biomarkers of disease severity in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of COVID-19 patients.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Article
- Post-recovery impact of the second and third SARS-CoV-2 infection waves on healthcare resource utilization in Lombardy, Italy.Internal and emergency medicine · 2023Article
- Patients' Clinical and Psychological Status in Different COVID-19 Waves in Italy: A Quanti-Qualitative Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Two years of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and COVID-19 in Lombardy, Italy.Internal and emergency medicine · 2023Article
- COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Italian Adults with Marfan Syndrome: Insights from a Secondary Analysis of a Cross-Sectional Study.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients with Acute Respiratory Failure Due to SARS-CoV-2 Interstitial Pneumonia Treated with CPAP in a Medical Intermediate Care Setting: A Retrospective Observational Study on Comparison of Four Waves.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- The other side of COVID-19: A cross-sectional study on mental health in a sample of Italian nurses during the second wave.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Article
- Long-Term Survival among Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19 during the First Three Epidemic Waves: An Observational Study in a Northern Italy Hospital.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
At the very beginning of the European spread of SARS-CoV-2, Piedmont was one of the most affected regions in Italy, with a strong impact on healthcare organizations. In this study, we evaluated the characteristics and outcomes of the COVID-19 patients in an entire region during the first three pandemic waves, identifying similarities and differences in the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic's timeline. We collected the health-administrative data of all the Piedmont COVID-19 patients infected during the first three pandemic waves (1 March 2020-15 April 2020; 15 October 2020-15 December 2020; 1 March 2021-15 April 2021, respectively). We compared differences among the waves in subjects positive for SARS-CoV-2 and in patients admitted to ICU. Overall, 18.621 subjects tested positive during the first wave (405 patients/day), 144.350 (2366.4 patients/day) in the second, and 81.823 (1778.8 patients/day) in the third. In the second and third waves, we observed a reduction in median age, comorbidity burden, mortality in outpatients, inpatients, and patients admitted to ICU, in intubation, invasive ventilation and tracheostomy, and a parallel increase in the use of CPAP. Our study confirmed a trend towards younger and healthier patients over time but also showed an independent effect of the period on mortality and ICU admission. The appearance of new viral variants, the starting of vaccination, and organizational improvements in tracking, outpatients and inpatients management could have influenced these trends.
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