SynthesisFrontiers in endocrinology2022
Use of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Occurrence of Thyroid Disorders: a Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Synthesis in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 106 citations in OpenAlex.
- GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Noncardiometabolic Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses.JAMA network open · 2026Pooled it
- Assessment of Thyroid Carcinogenic Risk and Safety Profile of GLP1-RA Semaglutide (Ozempic) Therapy for Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity: A Systematic Literature Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Obesity-related thyroid reflections: from weight gain to weight loss.European thyroid journal · 2026Review
- Exposure to GLP-1RA and Risk of Structural Progression in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Observational
- Dietary Fiber and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Obesity Management: Converging Mechanisms, Interactions, and Strategies for Durable Weight Control.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Review
- Evaluation of the safety profile of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: a focus on thyroid cancer-related adverse events by using the European pharmacovigilance database.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2026Article
- Joint Society Statement From the Society for Endocrinology (SfE), the British Thyroid Association (BTA) and the British Association of Endocrine and Thyroid Surgeons (BAETS) Regarding the Association of GLP-1 Agonists and Thyroid Cancer.Clinical endocrinology · 2026Article
- Article
- Need for and design of a trial to test efficacy of weight loss interventions for cancer prevention: an international consensus using expert nominal group and Delphi methods.British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Combined Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes and Hypothyroidism: Impact of Oral Semaglutide and Levothyroxine on Cardiometabolic and Thyroid Parameters: A 6-Month Comparative Study.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Assessment of thyroid cancer risk associated with glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist use.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Synergistic associations of metformin and GLP-1 receptor agonist use with adiposity-related cancer incidence in people living with type 2 diabetes.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Safety and Tolerability of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: A State-of-the-Art Narrative Review.Drugs · 2026Review
- Effect of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists on Patients with Thyroid Carcinomas Undergoing Active Surveillance.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- Diabetes-type-specific thyroid safety of GLP-1 receptor agonists: evidence from a large real-world cohort.Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- Advantage of Semaglutide: Comprehensive Analysis of Metabolic Impact of Semaglutide-Treated and Pair-Fed Rats.Comprehensive Physiology · 2025Article
- GLP-1 receptor agonists and cancer: current clinical evidence and translational opportunities for preclinical research.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Review
- Review
- Assessing the Oncological Safety of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cureus · 2025Review
- Investigating the association between incretin-based therapies and thyroid cancer incidence among US Medicare beneficiaries with diabetes.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The association between glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and the risk of various kinds of thyroid disorders remains uncertain. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between the use of GLP-1 receptor agonists and the occurrence of 6 kinds of thyroid disorders. We searched PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and Web of Science from database inception to 31 October 2021 to identify eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We performed meta-analysis using a random-effects model to calculate risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A total of 45 trials were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with placebo or other interventions, GLP-1 receptor agonists' use showed an association with an increased risk of overall thyroid disorders (RR 1.28, 95% CI 1.03-1.60). However, GLP-1 receptor agonists had no significant effects on the occurrence of thyroid cancer (RR 1.30, 95% CI 0.86-1.97), hyperthyroidism (RR 1.19, 95% CI 0.61-2.35), hypothyroidism (RR 1.22, 95% CI 0.80-1.87), thyroiditis (RR 1.83, 95% CI 0.51-6.57), thyroid mass (RR 1.17, 95% CI 0.43-3.20), and goiter (RR 1.17, 95% CI 0.74-1.86). Subgroup analyses and meta-regression analyses showed that underlying diseases, type of control, and trial durations were not related to the effect of GLP-1 receptor agonists on overall thyroid disorders (all P Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier: CRD42021289121.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.