ArticlePloS one2022
Gender and socio-economic stratification of ultra-processed and deep-fried food consumption among rural adolescents: A cross-sectional study from Bangladesh.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Associations between food addiction symptoms, food intake and BMI-for-age in children from a low-income region: A structural equation modeling approach.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Article
- Blood pressure is associated with ultra-processed food intake in a sex- and age-specific manner during the transition to adulthood in Cebu, Philippines.The British journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Ultra-processed food consumption and body mass index from adolescence to early adulthood: multi-trajectory analysis using data from the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort.Cadernos de saude publica · 2026Article
- Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension in rural Bangladesh: A population-based cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2026Article
- Food addiction in children: a network analysis of nutritional, metabolic, and sociodemographic factors.Journal of eating disorders · 2025Article
- Sodium Content and Label Discrepancies in Processed and Ultra-Processed Foods in Bangladesh: A Public Health Concern.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Sweets consumption and breast cancer risk among women in yemen: a matched case control study.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- From poverty to health: intraurban inequalities in child health indicators in low-income and middle-income countries during the SDG era.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Quantification of regional variation in ultra-processed food consumption and its sociodemographic correlates across Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka: insights from the South Asia Biobank.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2025Article
- Family wealth and adolescent physical health.Health psychology review · 2025Review
- Designing Front-of-Package Labels to Inform Consumers and Encourage Healthier Food Choices in Bangladesh: A Qualitative Study.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Its Association with Risk of Obesity, Sedentary Behaviors, and Well-Being in Adolescents.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Influence of ultra-processed food in the diet of South Indian young adults: an explanatory mixed method study.European journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Mapping ultra-processed foods (UPFs) in India: a formative research study.BMC public health · 2024Review
- Ultraprocessed Food Intake during the Transition to Adulthood Varies According to Sociodemographic Characteristics and Maternal Intake in Cebu, Philippines.The Journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Dietary cooking oils and cardiometabolic measurements in an elderly Chinese population.Journal of geriatric cardiology : JGC · 2024Article
- Dietary patterns and indicators of cardiometabolic risk among rural adolescents: A cross-sectional study at 15-year follow-up of the MINIMat cohort.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlthough consumption of ultra-processed and deep-fried foods among adolescents is a global health concern, little is known about its gender and socio-economic stratification in rural settings of low- and middle-income countries. We, thus, aimed to describe ultra-processed and deep-fried food consumption among rural adolescents by gender and socio-economic factors, and to explore their relative importance in shaping consumption.
methodsThis cross-sectional study drew on data from a household survey in Matlab, a rural sub-district in Bangladesh. The analytic sample comprised 2463 adolescents. We assessed consumption of four ultra-processed food groups: ready-to-eat or "instant" foods; confectionery, sweets and similar packaged products; savory snacks; sugar-sweetened beverage; and of deep-fried foods with a 24-hour, qualitative recall. Asset scores were constructed. Proportion of consumption was calculated and compared by gender and household wealth. Logistic regression models were fitted to isolate socio-demographic variables associated with consumption.
resultsApproximately 83% (81.5-84.4) adolescents consumed at least one ultra-processed or deep-fried item. Confectioneries were the most consumed (53.5%), whereas sugar-sweetened beverage was the least consumed (12%) group. Boys had greater odds of consumption than girls for all food groups. The association was strongest for sugar-sweetened beverage (adjusted odds ratio = 2.57; 95% CI: 1.97, 3.37), followed by deep-fried foods (adjusted odds ratio = 1.96; 95% CI: 1.66, 2.32) and ready-to-eat foods (adjusted odds ratio = 1.85; 95% CI: 1.45, 2.38). Belonging to the richest households was associated with ready-to-eat food consumption (adjusted odds ratio = 1.55; 95% CI: 1.12, 2.16). Adolescents with higher educational attainment had lower odds of consuming sugar-sweetened beverage (adjusted odds ratio = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.54, 0.98).
conclusionConsumption of packaged confectioneries, savory snacks, and deep-fried foods appeared common, while SSB consumption was relatively low. Role of gender was pre-eminent as consumption was more likely among boys across the food groups. This may disproportionately expose them to the risk of diet-related non-communicable diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.