ArticleParasites & vectors2022
Toxoplasma gondii dense granule protein 3 promotes endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis by activating the PERK pathway.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Toxoplasma gondii GRA3 activates interferon-stimulated genes and STAT6 by the cGAS-STING pathway to promote parasite proliferation.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Dense granule proteins: key mediators ofFrontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- The integrated stress response in apicomplexan and trypanosomatid parasites: balancing survival and pathogenesis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Unraveling the Role of Proteinopathies in Parasitic Infections.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Intestinal microbiota imbalance resulted by anti-Toxoplasma gondii immune responses aggravate gut and brain injury.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Asiaticoside Attenuates Blood-Spinal Cord Barrier Disruption by Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Pericytes After Spinal Cord Injury.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Toxoplasma-host endoplasmic reticulum interaction: HowCurrent research in microbial sciences · 2024Review
- Chloromethylisothiazolinone induces ER stress-induced stress granule formation in human keratinocytes.Animal cells and systems · 2023Article
- Saikosaponin D Inducing Apoptosis and Autophagy through the Activation of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Glioblastoma.BioMed research international · 2022Article
- Transcriptomic analysis of LMH cells in response to the overexpression of a protein ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundToxoplasma gondii is a neurotropic single-celled parasite that can infect mammals, including humans. Central nervous system infection with T. gondii infection can lead to Toxoplasma encephalitis. Toxoplasma infection can cause endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response (UPR) activation, which ultimately can lead to apoptosis of host cells. The dense granule protein GRA3 has been identified as one of the secretory proteins that contribute to the virulence of T. gondii; however, the mechanism remains enigmatic.
methodsThe expression of the GRA3 gene in RH, ME49, Wh3, and Wh6 strains was determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). pEGFP-GRA3
resultsGRA3 gene expression was higher in the less virulent strains of type II ME49 and type Chinese 1 Wh6 strains compared with the virulent strains of type I RH strain and type Chinese 1 Wh3 strain. Transfection with GRA3
conclusionGRA3 induces neural cell apoptosis via the ER stress signaling pathway, which could play a role in toxoplasmic encephalitis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.