ArticleCNS neuroscience & therapeutics2022
Differentiation between anatomical slenderness and acquired stenosis of the internal jugular veins.
Article in CNS neuroscience & therapeutics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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12 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multi-position head-and-neck rotational CT venography evaluation of dynamic changes in internal jugular vein compression in patients with an elongated styloid process.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2026Article
- Cerebral blood flow alterations in non-auditory tinnitus: implications for cerebral venous congestion pathophysiology.Brain imaging and behavior · 2026Article
- An Overview of Vascular Compression Syndromes and Associations with Autonomic Dysfunction: A Review.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Cerebral Venous Outflow Insufficiency: A Study on Symptoms and Venous Stenosis Classification.MedComm · 2026Article
- Anatomical Reasons for an Impaired Internal Jugular Flow.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Internal jugular vein compression: A benign entity or an underappreciated phenomenon?eNeurologicalSci · 2025Article
- Headache in Patients With Non-Thrombotic Internal Jugular Vein Stenosis: Clinical Characteristics and Associated Risk Factors in a Retrospective Study of 283 Cases.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
- Anti-neuroinflammatory therapy for non-pulsatile tinnitus in patients with sinus vascular anomalies: preliminary result on two cases.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Revisiting Virchow's triad: exploring the cellular and molecular alterations in cerebral venous congestion.Cell & bioscience · 2024Article
- High jugular bulb in patients with non-thrombotic internal jugular venous and transverse sinus stenosis: Clues to pathogenesis.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Article
- Differential Assessment of Internal Jugular Vein Stenosis in Patients Undergoing CT and MRI with Contrast.Tomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.) · 2024Article
- Differentiation between anatomical slenderness and acquired stenosis of the internal jugular veins.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
background and purposesDifferentiating between acquired stenosis (pathologic) and anatomical slenderness (physiologic) of internal jugular vein (IJV) remain ambiguous. Herein, we aimed to compare the similarities and differences between the two entities.
methodsPatients who underwent head and neck computer tomography (CT) and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were enrolled in this case-control study from January 2016 through October 2021.
results1487 eligible patients entered final analysis totally. 803 patients had bilateral IJVs imaging without IJV stenosis-related symptoms and presented in three ways: right IJV slenderness (10.5%, n = 85), left IJV slenderness (48.4%, n = 388), and symmetric IJVs (41.1%, n = 330). In patients with asymmetric IJVs, their bilateral jugular foramina were also asymmetric. All involved asymmetric IJVs presented as slenderness without surrounding abnormal collaterals and credible cloudy-like white matter hyper-intensity (WMH). Their cerebral arterial perfusion statuses on brain MR-PWI maps were normal. In contrast, the major patients with IJV stenosis presented with signs and symptoms such as headaches, head noise, etc. In CE-MRV maps, local stenosis of the IJV was surrounded by abnormal venous collaterals in contrast to the lack of abnormal venous collaterals for patients with IJV slenderness. And in CTV maps, the caliber of jugular foramina was mismatched with the transverse diameter of IJV. Moreover, in MRI maps of most of these patients, a cloudy-like WMHs were distributed symmetrically in bilateral periventricular and/or centrum semi vales. These patients also had symmetrical cerebral arterial hypo-perfusion. Seven patients underwent stenting of the IJV stenosis correction, their WMHs attenuated or disappeared subsequently.
conclusionsImaging features in addition to clinical symptoms can be used to differentiate between physiologic IJV slenderness and pathologic IJV stenosis. Notable imagine-defining features for IJV stenosis include local stenosis surrounded by abnormal venous collaterals, cloudy-like WMHs, and mismatch between the transverse diameter of IJV and the caliber of the jugular foramina.
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