Trial reportJournal of rehabilitation medicine2022
Varus Knee Limits Pain Relief Effects of Laterally Wedged Insoles and Ankle-Foot Orthoses in Medial Knee Osteoarthritis.
Trial report in Journal of rehabilitation medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pain-Related Impairment and Talar Tilt as Predictors of Surgical Decision Making in Advanced Varus Ankle Osteoarthritis.Foot & ankle orthopaedics · 2026Article
- Quadriceps angle as an outcome measure for structural integrity following total knee arthroplasty in individuals with severe knee osteoarthritis.Journal of orthopaedics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo investigate the impact of varus malalignment of the knee on pain reduction achieved by an ankle-foot orthosis and a laterally wedged insole in patients with medial knee osteoarthritis.
designSecondary analysis of a randomized, clinically prospective cross-over study. PATIENTS: Twenty-eight participants with medial knee osteoarthritis.
methodsAll participants wore a 5-mm laterally wedged insole and an ankle-foot orthosis for a period of 6 weeks each in a randomized order. Pain was reported on a numerical rating scale and was correlated with limb alignment, as defined by the mechanical axis deviation in full-leg standing radiographs.
resultsInsole and orthosis use reduced pain compared with baseline (median knee pain change: insole -0.5 (-5 to +6), orthosis -1.5 (-7 to +5). A higher mechanical axis deviation (greater varus) correlated significantly with smaller pain reduction for both aids (insole p = 0.003, orthosis p < 0.001). A cut-off to predict pain response was found at a mechanical axis deviation of 14-15 mm for both aids, i.e. > 3° knee varus.
conclusionThere is a correlation between varus malalignment and pain reduction. There seems to be a mechanical axis deviation cut-off that predicts the response to treatment with the aids with good sensitivity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.