ArticleJournal of the Endocrine Society2022
Relationship Between Hypoglycemia Awareness Status on Clarke/Gold Methods and Counterregulatory Response to Hypoglycemia.
Article in Journal of the Endocrine Society, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07547878 (A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial to Assess Feasibility, Safety, and Efficacy of Rapid, Simultaneous Therapy Initiation in Chronic Kidney Disease and Type 2 Diabetes), which is not on this map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial to Assess Feasibility, Safety, and Efficacy of Rapid, Simultaneous Therapy Initiation in Chronic Kidney Disease and Type 2 Diabetes: RAPID-CKD
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- 2023 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diabetes Management in Korea: Full Version Recommendation of the Korean Diabetes Association.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2024Guideline
- Diabetic autonomic neuropathy does not impede improvement in hypoglycaemia awareness in adults: Sub-study results from the HypoCOMPaSS trial.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2024Trial
- Factors Associated With Progression From Level 1 to Level 2 Sensor-Detected Hypoglycaemia in People With Type 1 and Insulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetes: A Post Hoc Analysis From the Hypo-METRICS Study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Gold and Clarke Questionnaires Identify Different People With Insulin-Treated Diabetes and Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycaemia in Almost 60% of Cases: A Post Hoc Analysis From the Hypo-METRICS Study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Quality of Life and Humanistic Burden of Adults with Type 1 Diabetes with Recurrent Severe Hypoglycemic Events and Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia Using a Continuous Glucose Monitor.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2026Article
- Disrupted neurovascular-endocrine coupling in type 1 diabetes with impaired awareness of hypoglycemia.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Comparing the Validity of Three Methods for Identifying Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia in Predicting Severe Hypoglycemia in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: The PR-IAH Study.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026Article
- 2025 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diabetes Management in Korea: Recommendation of the Korean Diabetes Association.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2025Article
- Electrocardiograpic responses during spontaneous hypoglycaemia in people with type 1 diabetes and impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2025Article
- The challenge of assessing impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia in diabetes in the era of continuous glucose monitoring: A narrative review of evidence and translation into clinical practice.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Review
- Associations between clustering of hypoglycemic symptoms, psychological traits, and problem-solving abilities in adults with type 1 diabetes: baseline data analysis of the PR-IAH study.Diabetology international · 2025Article
- Cardiac autonomic neuropathy: impact on severe hypoglycemic unawareness and orthostatic hypotension in diabetic dysautonomia, a case series and review.Cardiovascular endocrinology & metabolism · 2024Review
- Attitudes and practices related to hypoglycemia unawareness in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.Journal of medicine and life · 2024Article
- Long-Term Sulfonylurea Use and Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in Taiwan.Annals of family medicine · 2024Article
- Validating and Establishing a Diagnostic Threshold for the Hypoglycemia Awareness Questionnaire Impaired Awareness Subscale.Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists · 2023Article
- Telemonitoring With a Connected Glucose Meter Improves Glycemia Among People With Insulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetes.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2023Article
- Hypoglycaemia in type 1 diabetes mellitus: risks and practical prevention strategies.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2023Review
- Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia in Type 1 Diabetes: A Report of An NIDDK Workshop in October 2021.Diabetes care · 2022Review
- Relationship Between Hypoglycemia Awareness Status on Clarke/Gold Methods and Counterregulatory Response to Hypoglycemia.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2022 · on this mapArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Context: Impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH) is characterized by the diminished ability to perceive symptoms of hypoglycemia. Gold and Clark questionnaires are commonly used to identify patients with IAH. The relationship between IAH status on questionnaires and a person's symptom and epinephrine responses to hypoglycemia are not well understood. Objective: We aimed to examine the relationship between hypoglycemia awareness status on Clarke and Gold questionnaires with both hormonal and symptomatic responses to experimental hypoglycemia. Methods: In this university medical center study, we examined data from 78 subjects with type 1 diabetes (T1D) who completed both questionnaires and underwent a hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemic clamp (target glucose 50 mg/dL). Results: Clarke and Gold scores were highly correlated with one another (r = 0.82) and each had a moderate negative relationship with epinephrine (Clarke: r = -0.51, Gold: r = -0.50) and total symptom response (Clarke: r = -0.59, Gold: r = -0.57). However, 32% of the subjects were classified inconsistently by Clark vs Gold. A clustering analysis was done to examine how disagreement between the 2 questionnaires on IAH classification relates to epinephrine and symptoms responses during hypoglycemia. Subjects who had partial loss of symptoms or of epinephrine response were more likely to be classified inconsistently. Conclusion: Our results show that IAH classification may be discordant between Clark and Gold questionnaires and that hypoglycemia awareness status on Clarke and Gold questionnaires poorly predicts hormonal and symptomatic responses to hypoglycemia in subjects with T1D and moderate blunting of symptoms or epinephrine.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.