ReviewNature reviews. Rheumatology2022
How does age determine the development of human immune-mediated arthritis?
Review in Nature reviews. Rheumatology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Atopic dermatitis and risk of autoimmune diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- The Bidirectional Relationship between Psoriatic Arthritis and Mental Health: A Comprehensive Review.Current rheumatology reviews · 2026Review
- Differential Expression of Galectin-1 and Galectin-9 in Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Epigenetic age acceleration and rheumatoid arthritis: an NHANES-based analysis and survival prediction models.Clinical epigenetics · 2025Article
- Association of folate levels with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in patients with arthritis.Clinical rheumatology · 2025Article
- Global burden and genetic insights of RA and JIA in ages 0-19 years: GBD 2021 and MR analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Application of Elastic networks and Bayesian networks to explore influencing factors associated with arthritis in middle-aged and older adults in the Chinese community.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Genetic Association of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis With Adult Rheumatic Disease.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Development of Sinomenine Hydrochloride Sustained-release Pellet With Multiple Release Characteristics.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2024Article
- Article
- Patterns and determinants of response to novel therapies in juvenile and adult-onset polyarthritis.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2024Review
- Prevalence and Comorbidities Among Individuals With Rheumatoid Arthritis in the Saudi Arabian Context.Cureus · 2024Article
- Pediatric Uveitis in a Tertiary Referral Center in East China: Clinical Patterns and Visual Outcomes.Journal of ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Late-Onset Psoriatic Arthritis: Are There Any Distinct Characteristics? A Retrospective Cohort Data Analysis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Does age substantially affect the emergence of human immune-mediated arthritis? Children do not usually develop immune-mediated articular inflammation during their first year of life. In patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, this apparent 'immune privilege' disintegrates, and chronic inflammation is associated with variable autoantibody signatures and patterns of disease that resemble adult arthritis phenotypes. Numerous mechanisms might be involved in this shift, including genetic and epigenetic predisposing factors, maturation of the immune system with a progressive modulation of putative tolerogenic controls, parallel development of microbial dysbiosis, accumulation of a pro-inflammatory burden driven by environmental exposures (the exposome) and comorbidity-related drivers. By exploring these mechanisms, we expand the discussion of three (not mutually exclusive) hypotheses on how these factors can contribute to the differences and similarities between the loss of immune tolerance in children and the development of established immune-mediated arthritis in adults. These three hypotheses relate to a critical window in genetics and epigenetics, immune maturation, and the accumulation of burden. The varied manifestation of the underlying mechanisms among individuals is only beginning to be clarified, but the establishment of a framework can facilitate the development of an integrated understanding of the pathogenesis of arthritis across all ages.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.