SynthesisMolecular neurobiology2022
Linking Inflammation, Aberrant Glutamate-Dopamine Interaction, and Post-synaptic Changes: Translational Relevance for Schizophrenia and Antipsychotic Treatment: a Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Molecular neurobiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Peripheral blood immune markers associated with negative symptoms in first episode psychosis: a systematic review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Impact of Obstetric Complications in Subjects at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2025Pooled it
- The Interrelationships between Cytokines and Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Canonical and Non-Canonical Antipsychotics' Dopamine-Related Mechanisms of Present and Next Generation Molecules: A Systematic Review on Translational Highlights for Treatment Response and Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Schizophrenia: Converging Neurobiological Mechanisms and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Impact of atypical antipsychotics on cytokine profiles in schizophrenia: An 8-week longitudinal study.Indian journal of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Individualized Medication Selection and Outcome Prediction for Patients With Dementia and BPSD Based on Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII): A Retrospective Case-Control Study.Actas espanolas de psiquiatria · 2026Article
- Inflammation and sarcopenia exhibit distinct associations with psychopathology and executive function in schizophrenia.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2026Article
- Neurotrophins and Galectin-3: Hidden Keys in Neuroinflammation-A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Dysregulated miRNAs and downstream gene expression associated with poor treatment response in first-episode psychosis.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Genetic predisposition to unwanted side effects under antidepressants and antipsychotics: a molecular-genetic study of 902 patients over 6 weeks.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Diagnosis-specific associations of plasma NGAL in drug-naïve schizophrenia and major depressive disorder: an exploratory cross-sectional study.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Review
- Risperidone reduces individualized morphometric similarity deviation in schizophrenia and associates with cortical transcriptomic patterns.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Post-mortem brain analysis reveals altered monoaminergic system in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in chronic schizophrenia.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Peripheral inflammation mediates cognitive deficits in drug-naive schizophrenia through hippocampal-thalamo-visual circuitry dysfunction.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Tryptophan Supplementation Reduces Schizophrenia-Like Symptoms in Apomorphine Treated Rats: Role of D2, GABA, and Glutamate Receptor Expression.International journal of tryptophan research : IJTR · 2026Article
- AI-enabled multimodal neuroimaging for neurotransmitter mapping in normal aging and age-related disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Review
- An exploratory exome-wide machine learning analysis identifies candidate host gene signatures associated with Long COVID in a large admixed Brazilian cohort.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Evidence from clinical, preclinical, and post-mortem studies supports the inflammatory/immune hypothesis of schizophrenia pathogenesis. Less evident is the link between the inflammatory background and two well-recognized functional and structural findings of schizophrenia pathophysiology: the dopamine-glutamate aberrant interaction and the alteration of dendritic spines architecture, both believed to be the "quantal" elements of cortical-subcortical dysfunctional network. In this systematic review, we tried to capture the major findings linking inflammation, aberrant glutamate-dopamine interaction, and post-synaptic changes under a direct and inverse translational perspective, a paramount picture that at present is lacking. The inflammatory effects on dopaminergic function appear to be bidirectional: the inflammation influences dopamine release, and dopamine acts as a regulator of discrete inflammatory processes involved in schizophrenia such as dysregulated interleukin and kynurenine pathways. Furthermore, the link between inflammation and glutamate is strongly supported by clinical studies aimed at exploring overactive microglia in schizophrenia patients and maternal immune activation models, indicating impaired glutamate regulation and reduced N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) function. In addition, an inflammatory/immune-induced alteration of post-synaptic density scaffold proteins, crucial for downstream NMDAR signaling and synaptic efficacy, has been demonstrated. According to these findings, a significant increase in plasma inflammatory markers has been found in schizophrenia patients compared to healthy controls, associated with reduced cortical integrity and functional connectivity, relevant to the cognitive deficit of schizophrenia. Finally, the link between altered inflammatory/immune responses raises relevant questions regarding potential new therapeutic strategies specifically for those forms of schizophrenia that are resistant to canonical antipsychotics or unresponsive to clozapine.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.