ReviewJournal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology2023
A state-of-the-science review and guide for measuring environmental exposure biomarkers in dried blood spots.
Review in Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT06159582 (eSTEP), which is not on this map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
eSTEP: An Integrated mHealth Intervention to Engage High-risk Individuals Along the Full PrEP Care Continuum
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dried Blood Spots to Assess Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Health.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Pooled it
- A Systematic Literature Review on the Use of Dried Biofluid Microsampling in Patients With Kidney Disease.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2024Pooled it
- Application of volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) for the simultaneous determination of cadmium and lead in blood.Environmental monitoring and assessment · 2026Article
- Article
- From field prick to decision-grade proof: a dried blood spot and volumetric absorptive microsampling framework for verifying chemical-agent exposure.Forensic toxicology · 2026Article
- Dried blood spot-based monitoring of immune and epigenetic biomarkers in occupational exposure studies.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Article
- Infectious Diseases and Other Health Findings in Refugees Who Arrived Through National Institute for Health, Migration and Poverty (NIHMP)-Verified Humanitarian Corridors in Italy: Changes from 2018 to 2024.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- RPLC- and HILIC-based non-targeted metabolomics workflow for blood microsamples.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2026Article
- A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Blood Spot per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) from Adolescents in Chitwan Valley, Nepal.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Establishing environmental causes of childhood cancer: a view from the IARC Monographs.UCL open. Environment · 2026Article
- Dried blood spot 3-year stability suitability for biomarker discovery and biobanking initiatives in companion animals.PloS one · 2026Article
- The Unique Utility of Newborn Dried Blood Spots for Driving Discovery in Childhood Cancer Research.Clinical chemistry · 2025Review
- The analytical potential of the dry blood spot technique for pesticide biomonitoring - a review.Environmental monitoring and assessment · 2025Review
- Personalized Prediction of Clozapine Treatment Response Using Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Data in Japanese Patients with Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Evaluating the efficacy of the VAMS Mitra microsampler for whole blood trace element analysis.Bioanalysis · 2025Article
- Article
- Development and validation of the UHPLC-MS/MS method for the quantitative determination of 25 PFAS in dried blood spots.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2024Article
- "Using dried blood spots beyond newborn screening - is Hong Kong ready?": navigating the intersection of innovation readiness, privacy concerns, and Chinese parenting culture.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Cord Blood Adductomics Reveals Oxidative Stress Exposure Pathways of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Exposure to persistent organic pollutants in newborn dried blood spots and childhood acute myeloid leukemia.Environmental research · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDried blood spot (DBS) sampling is a simple, cost-effective, and minimally invasive alternative to venipuncture for measuring exposure biomarkers in public health and epidemiological research. DBS sampling provides advantages in field-based studies conducted in low-resource settings and in studies involving infants and children. In addition, DBS samples are routinely collected from newborns after birth (i.e., newborn dried blood spots, NDBS), with many states in the United States permitting access to archived NDBS samples for research purposes.
objectivesWe review the state of the science for analyzing exposure biomarkers in DBS samples, both archived and newly collected, and provide guidance on sample collection, storage, and blood volume requirements associated with individual DBS assays. We discuss recent progress regarding analytical methods, analytical sensitivity, and specificity, sample volume requirements, contamination considerations, estimating extracted blood volumes, assessing stability and analyte recovery, and hematocrit effects.
methodsA systematic search of PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase (Elsevier), and CINAHL (EBSCO) was conducted in March 2022. DBS method development and application studies were divided into three main chemical classes: environmental tobacco smoke, trace elements (including lead, mercury, cadmium, and arsenic), and industrial chemicals (including endocrine-disrupting chemicals and persistent organic pollutants). DBS method development and validation studies were scored on key quality-control and performance parameters by two members of the review team.
resultsOur search identified 47 published reports related to measuring environmental exposure biomarkers in human DBS samples. A total of 28 reports (37 total studies) were on methods development and validation and 19 reports were primarily the application of previously developed DBS assays. High-performing DBS methods have been developed, validated, and applied for detecting environmental exposures to tobacco smoke, trace elements, and several important endocrine-disrupting chemicals and persistent organic pollutants. Additional work is needed for measuring cadmium, arsenic, inorganic mercury, and bisphenol A in DBS and NDBS samples. SIGNIFICANCE: We present an inventory and critical review of available assays for measuring environmental exposure biomarkers in DBS and NDBS samples to help facilitate this sampling medium as an emerging tool for public health (e.g., screening programs, temporal biomonitoring) and environmental epidemiology (e.g., field-based studies).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.