Evidence mapPaperPMID 36009299Full record

ArticleAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2022

Vitamin C Deficiency in Blood Samples of COVID-19 Patients.

Tobias Sinnberg, Christa Lichtensteiger, Katharina Hill-Mündel, Christian Leischner, Heike Niessner, Christian Busch, Olga Renner, Nina Wyss, Lukas Flatz, Ulrich M Lauer and 5 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Tobias SinnbergDepartment of Dermatology, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-3922-3327
Christa LichtensteigerInstitute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, 9000 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Katharina Hill-MündelInstitute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
Christian LeischnerDepartment of Nutritional Biochemistry, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
Heike NiessnerDepartment of Dermatology, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-2542-7022
Christian BuschDermatologie zum Delfin, 8400 Winterthur, Switzerland.
Olga RennerDepartment of Nutritional Biochemistry, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
Nina WyssInstitute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, 9000 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Lukas FlatzDepartment of Dermatology, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
Ulrich M LauerDepartment of Internal Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-4557-7730
Ludwig E HoelzleDepartment of Livestock Infectiology and Environmental Hygiene, Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-3759-2439
Donatus NohrInstitute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
Markus BurkardDepartment of Nutritional Biochemistry, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
Luigi MarongiuDepartment of Nutritional Biochemistry, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
Sascha VenturelliDepartment of Nutritional Biochemistry, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
University of Hohenheim · DEKantonsspital St. Gallen · CHCharité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin · DEGerman Cancer Research Center · DE

Funding

Else-Uebelmesser-Stiftung D.30.21947, reference: GzV 1.14
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the most notable pandemic of the modern era. A relationship between ascorbate (vitamin C) and COVID-19 severity is well known, whereas the role of other vitamins is less understood. The present study compared the blood levels of four vitamins in a cohort of COVID-19 patients with different severities and uninfected individuals. Serum concentrations of ascorbate, calcidiol, retinol, and α-tocopherol were measured in a cohort of 74 COVID-19 patients and 8 uninfected volunteers. The blood levels were statistically compared and additional co-morbidity factors were considered. COVID-19 patients had significantly lower plasma ascorbate levels than the controls (p-value < 0.001), and further stratification revealed that the controls had higher levels than fatal, critical, and severe COVID-19 cases (p-values < 0.001). However, no such trend was observed for calcidiol, retinol, or α-tocopherol (p-value ≥ 0.093). Survival analysis showed that plasma ascorbate below 11.4 µM was associated with a lengthy hospitalization and a high risk of death. The results indicated that COVID-19 cases had depleted blood ascorbate associated with poor medical conditions, confirming the role of this vitamin in the outcome of COVID-19 infection.

Indexed as

ascorbatecalcidiolCOVID-19retinolvitamin plasma levelsα-tocopherol

Identifiers

PMID36009299
PMCPMC9405075
OpenAlexW4291743611

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.