ReviewNeural regeneration research2023
The lymphatic drainage systems in the brain: a novel target for ischemic stroke?
Review in Neural regeneration research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- The Glymphatic System and Neurosurgery: A Comprehensive Narrative Review of Current Concepts and Future Directions.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- The glymphatic system in sleep: a nexus of waste clearance, brain homeostasis, and disease intervention.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- Impact of enlarged perivascular spaces on endovascular therapy outcomes in patients with large ischaemic core: A post-hoc analysis of the ANGEL-ASPECT trial.Journal of translational internal medicine · 2026Article
- Glymphatic-meningeal lymphatic system imbalance: a peripheral-to-central inflammatory bridge in perioperative neurocognitive disorders.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Article
- Impact of Diabetes on Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Function, and Neurological Outcomes Following Ischemic Stroke: A Sex-Based Experimental Analysis.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Impaired glymphatic function in relation to cumulative blood glucose exposure: A population-based cohort study.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2025Article
- Clearance mechanisms of the glymphatic/lymphatic system in the brain: new therapeutic perspectives for cognitive impairment.Cognitive neurodynamics · 2025Review
- The Janus face of CaMKII: from memory consolidation to neurotoxic switch in Alzheimer's disease.Archives of toxicology · 2025Review
- Review
- Meningeal lymphatic drainage: novel insights into central nervous system disease.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Impaired glymphatic system in patent foramen ovale based on diffusion tensor imaging analysis along the perivascular space.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2025Article
- Glymphatic system function in patients with ischemic stroke evaluated by the DTI-ALPS method: a comprehensive review.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Immune conversations at the border: meningeal immunity in health and disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- CD19Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Deciphering aquaporin-4's influence on perivascular diffusion indices using DTI in rat stroke studies.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Circadian influences on central nervous system barriers and the glymphatic system.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Review
- A novel neuroprotective method against ischemic stroke by accelerating the drainage of brain interstitial fluid.Science China. Life sciences · 2024Article
- Glymphatic function and its influencing factors in different glucose metabolism states.World journal of diabetes · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recent studies have proposed three lymphatic drainage systems in the brain, that is, the glymphatic system, the intramural periarterial drainage pathway, and meningeal lymphatic vessels, whose roles in various neurological diseases have been widely explored. The glymphatic system is a fluid drainage and waste clearance pathway that utilizes perivascular space and aquaporin-4 protein located in the astrocyte endfeet to provide a space for exchange of cerebrospinal fluid and interstitial fluid. The intramural periarterial drainage pathway drives the flow of interstitial fluid through the capillary basement membrane and the arterial tunica media. Meningeal lymphatic vessels within the dura mater are involved in the removal of cerebral macromolecules and immune responses. After ischemic stroke, impairment of these systems could lead to cerebral edema, accumulation of toxic factors, and activation of neuroinflammation, while restoration of their normal functions can improve neurological outcomes. In this review, we summarize the basic concepts of these drainage systems, including drainage routes, physiological functions, regulatory mechanisms, and detection technologies. We also focus on the roles of lymphatic drainage systems in brain injury after ischemic stroke, as well as recent advances in therapeutic strategies targeting these drainage systems. These findings provide information for potential novel strategies for treatment of stroke.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.