Evidence mapPaperPMID 36035934Full record

ArticleFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2022

Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors reduce the risk of new-onset stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes: A population-based cohort study.

Tsung-Kun Lin, Yong-Hsin Chen, Jing-Yang Huang, Pei-Lun Liao, Mei-Chun Chen, Lung-Fa Pan, Gwo-Ping Jong

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In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Tsung-Kun LinDepartment of Pharmacy, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Yong-Hsin ChenDepartment of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Jing-Yang HuangDepartment of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
Pei-Lun LiaoDepartment of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
Mei-Chun ChenDepartment of Pharmacy, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Lung-Fa PanDepartment of Medical Imaging and Radiological Science, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan.
Gwo-Ping JongDepartment of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital and Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Epidemiological evidence suggests the association of diabetes with an increased risk of stroke. Clinical studies have investigated the effects of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on new-onset stroke (NOS), but the results are inconsistent. Objectives: To determine the association between the use of SGLT2 inhibitors and NOS in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: We conducted a retrospective longitudinal cohort study based on the Taiwan Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service database (2016-2019). The primary outcome of the assessment was the risk of incident stroke by estimating hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Multiple Cox regression was applied to estimate the adjusted HR of NOS. Subgroup analysis was also conducted. Results: Among the 232,101 eligible patients with type 2 DM aged ≥ 20 years, SGLT2-inhibitor users were compared with non-SGLT2-inhibitor users based on age, sex, and the duration of type 2 DM matching at a ratio of 1:2. The event rate per 10 000 person-months was 9.20 (95% CI 8.95 to 9.45) for SGLT2-inhibitor users and 10.5(10.3-10.6) for non-SGLT2-inhibitor users. There was a decreased risk of NOS for SGLT2-inhibitor users (adjusted HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.82-0.88) compared with non-SGLT2-inhibitor users. Results for the propensity score-matched analyses showed similar results (adjusted HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.84-0.91 for both SGLT2-inhibitor users and non-SGLT2-inhibitor users). Conclusion: The risk of developing NOS was lower in patients with SGLT2-inhibitor users than in non-SGLT2-inhibitor users. The decreased risk of NOS in patients with type 2 DM was greater among patients with concurrent use of statins, biguanides, thiazolidinediones, and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. We, therefore, suggest that the long-term use of SGLT2 inhibitors may help reduce the incidence of NOS in patients with type 2 DM.

Indexed as

concurrent medicationhemorrhagic strokeischemic strokenew-onset strokeSGLT2 inhibitortype 2 DM

Identifiers

PMID36035934
PMCPMC9406283

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.