ArticleScientific reports2022
Differential pharmacological and sex-specific effects of antimuscarinic agents at the hypoglossal motor nucleus in vivo in rats.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Short-term Effects of Nortriptyline on Sleep Parameters for Residual OSA after UPPP.Iranian journal of otorhinolaryngology · 2025Article
- Cholinergic modulation of upper airway control: maturational changes and mechanisms at cellular and synaptic levels.Journal of neurophysiology · 2025Review
- A muscarinic, GIRK channel-mediated inhibition of inspiratory-related XII nerve motor output emerges in early postnatal development in mice.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Successful cholinergic-noradrenergic pharmacotherapy for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is thought to be due to effects at the hypoglossal motor nucleus (HMN). Clinical efficacy varies with muscarinic-receptor (MR) subtype affinities. We hypothesized that oxybutynin (cholinergic agent in successful OSA pharmacotherapy) is an effective MR antagonist at the HMN and characterized its efficacy with other antagonists. We recorded tongue muscle activity of isoflurane anesthetized rats (121 males and 60 females, 7-13 per group across 13 protocols) in response to HMN microperfusion with MR antagonists with and without: (i) eserine-induced increased endogenous acetylcholine at the HMN and (ii) muscarine. Eserine-induced increased acetylcholine decreased tongue motor activity (p < 0.001) with lesser cholinergic suppression in females versus males (p = 0.017). Motor suppression was significantly attenuated by the MR antagonists atropine, oxybutynin, and omadacycline (MR2 antagonist), each p < 0.001, with similar residual activity between agents (p ≥ 0.089) suggesting similar efficacy at the HMN. Sex differences remained with atropine and oxybutynin (p < 0.001 to 0.05) but not omadacycline (p = 0.722). Muscarine at the HMN also decreased motor activity (p < 0.001) but this was not sex-specific (p = 0.849). These findings have translational relevance to antimuscarinic agents in OSA pharmacotherapy and understanding potential sex differences in HMN suppression with increased endogenous acetylcholine related to sparing nicotinic excitation.
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Registered trials
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