ReviewThe Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology2022
Mechanisms governing codon usage bias and the implications for protein expression in the chloroplast of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
Review in The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- From Codons to Protein Structure: Evolutionary Constraints of Mitochondrial Proteins in Corvides.Biology · 2026Article
- Complete Plastome Sequence ofGenes · 2026Article
- Comparative plastome analyses reveal life-form-associated selection signatures in Orchidaceae.BMC plant biology · 2026Article
- Evolution and Functional Implications of Codon Usage Bias in Eukaryotes.Journal of molecular evolution · 2026Review
- Natural Selection Drives AT-Biased Codon Usage in Mitochondrial Genomes of Early-DivergingJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Chloroplast genome sequencing of Poa pratensis and comparative chloroplast genomics analysis with other 29 grass species.Functional & integrative genomics · 2026Article
- Analysis and comparison of chloroplast genome codon usage patterns in five accessions of Toxicodendron vernicifluum.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Comprehensive analysis of chloroplast genome evolution in Poaceae: codon usage patterns, selection pressures, and phylogenomic relationships.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Article
- Uncovering position-specific patterns in codon and codon-pair usage in candidate genes associated with blood coagulation diseases.NAR genomics and bioinformatics · 2025Article
- Article
- Comparative Genomics ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Repetitive Sequences, Codon Usage Bias and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Plastome of Miliusa glochidioides.Biochemical genetics · 2025Article
- Comprehensive analysis of 385 chloroplast genomes unveils phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history in cassava.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Correlations of gene expression, codon usage bias, and evolutionary rates of the mitochondrial genome show tissue differentiation in Ophioglossum vulgatum.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- Comprehensive analysis of the first complete mitogenome and plastome of a traditional Chinese medicine Viola diffusa.BMC genomics · 2024Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chloroplasts possess a considerably reduced genome that is decoded via an almost minimal set of tRNAs. These features make an excellent platform for gaining insights into fundamental mechanisms that govern protein expression. Here, we present a comprehensive and revised perspective of the mechanisms that drive codon selection in the chloroplast of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and the functional consequences for protein expression. In order to extract this information, we applied several codon usage descriptors to genes with different expression levels. We show that highly expressed genes strongly favor translationally optimal codons, while genes with lower functional importance are rather affected by directional mutational bias. We demonstrate that codon optimality can be deduced from codon-anticodon pairing affinity and, for a small number of amino acids (leucine, arginine, serine, and isoleucine), tRNA concentrations. Finally, we review, analyze, and expand on the impact of codon usage on protein yield, secondary structures of mRNA, translation initiation and termination, and amino acid composition of proteins, as well as cotranslational protein folding. The comprehensive analysis of codon choice provides crucial insights into heterologous gene expression in the chloroplast of C. reinhardtii, which may also be applicable to other chloroplast-containing organisms and bacteria.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.