ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
TGF-β Signalling Mediates the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Enamel Matrix Derivative In Vitro.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluation of a multi-component mucoadhesive buccal patch: cytokine-associated inflammatory responses and tissue remodeling in experimental models.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Enamel Matrix Derivative in Dental Pulp Regeneration: Biological Basis, Mechanistic Insights, and Translational Considerations.Stem cells international · 2026Review
- The paradigm shifts of periodontal regeneration strategy: From reparative manipulation to developmental engineering.Bioactive materials · 2025Review
- RNAseq of peripheral blood mononucleated cells exposed to platelet-rich fibrin and enamel matrix derivatives.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Research progress of enamel matrix derivative on periodontal tissue regeneration: a narrative review.Frontiers in dental medicine · 2025Review
- Application and mechanism study of EMD-Gel composite scaffold in dental pulp tissue repair.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Article
- The role of enamel matrix derivatives in periodontal regeneration following tooth replantation/transplantation: a narrative review of post-reperfusion injury.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Enamel Matrix Derivative Suppresses Chemokine Expression in Oral Epithelial Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Enamel matrix derivative (EMD) prepared from extracted porcine fetal tooth material can support the regrow of periodontal tissues. Previous findings suggest that EMD has anti-inflammatory properties and TGF-β activity in vitro. However, the anti-inflammatory activity of EMD is mediated via TGF-β has not been considered. To this aim, we first established a bioassay to confirm the anti-inflammatory activity of EMD. The bioassay was based on the RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line and proven with primary macrophages where EMD significantly reduced the forced expression of IL-6. We then confirmed the presence of TGF-β1 in EMD by immunoassay and by provoking the Smad2/3 nuclear translocation in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Next, we took advantage of the TGF-β receptor type I kinase-inhibitor SB431542 to block the respective signalling pathway. SB431542 reversed the anti-inflammatory activity of EMD and TGF-β in a bioassay when IL-6 and CXCL2 expression was driven by the LPS stimulation of RAW 264.7 macrophages. This central observation was supported by showing that SB431542 reversed the anti-inflammatory activity of EMD using IL-1β and TNF-α-stimulated ST2 bone marrow stromal cells. Together, these findings implicate that the TGF-β activity mediates at least part of the anti-inflammatory activity of EMD in vitro.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.