Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36079510›Full record

ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2022

Numerical and Experimental Mechanical Analysis of Additively Manufactured Ankle-Foot Orthoses.

Ratnesh Raj, Amit Rai Dixit, Krzysztof Łukaszewski, Radosław Wichniarek, Justyna Rybarczyk, Wiesław Kuczko, Filip Górski

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ratnesh RajDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad 826004, Jharkhand, India.ORCID 0000-0001-5654-8081
Amit Rai DixitDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad 826004, Jharkhand, India.ORCID 0000-0001-6135-8098
Krzysztof ŁukaszewskiFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3 STR, 61-138 Poznan, Poland.
Radosław WichniarekFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3 STR, 61-138 Poznan, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-0714-7462
Justyna RybarczykFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3 STR, 61-138 Poznan, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-9807-9981
Wiesław KuczkoFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3 STR, 61-138 Poznan, Poland.
Filip GórskiFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3 STR, 61-138 Poznan, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-8548-2544

Funding

Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Poland 0613/SBAD/4771Polish National Centre of Research and Development LIDER/14/0078/L-8/16/NCBR/2017
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Growing age and different conditions often require the replacement of orthoses, and FDM-based 3D printing can produce them quickly with less investment. In today's market for orthotics, these characteristics are highly desired. Therefore, this study is fully focused on the optimization and strength analysis of FDM 3D-printed ankle-foot orthoses (AFO) fabricated using PLA and PLA reinforced with carbon fiber (PLA-C). An increase in ankle plantar-flexor force can be achieved by reinforcing thermoplastic AFOs with CFs. Specially designed mechanical strength tests were conducted at the UTM to generate force-displacement curves for stored elastic energy and fracture studies. The mechanical behavior of both AFOs was predicted with the help of an FEA. The model predictions were validated by comparing them with mechanical strength testing conducted under the same loading and boundary conditions as the FEA. In both the prediction and experimental analysis, the PLA-C-based AFOs were stiffer and could withstand greater loads than the PLA-based AFOs. An area of high stress in the simulation and a fracture point in experimentation were both found at the same location. Furthermore, these highly accurate models will allow the fabrication of AFOs to be improved without investing time and resources on trials.

Indexed as

3D printingankle–foot orthoses (AFO)carbon fibermechanical analysispolylactic acid (PLA)simulation

Identifiers

PMID36079510
PMCPMC9457881

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.