← SGLT2 inhibitors × cardiovascular events

Observational studyJournal of diabetes investigation2022

Real-world risk of lower-limb amputation associated with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors versus metformin: A propensity score-matched model analysis in Japan.

Gen Mizutani et al.PubMed ↗Full text ↗Publisher ↗

  • SGLT2islooks bad hereNo clear link with amputation, higher amputation.Correlation only, not a test of it.

What moved togetherboth groups pooled, not the treatment’s effect

Correlation · may be no link

No clear link with amputation

1.3×0.8× to 2.2×

SGLT2is vs metformin

Bigger than 6 in 10 for cardiovascular events

As reported

HR 1.34, 95% CI 0.80–2.24 · the paper's word: risk of amputation

Correlation, not cause

SGLT2is went with higher amputation

2.8×1.1× to 6.9×

SGLT2is vs metformin, in female sex

Bigger than almost all for cardiovascular events

As reported

HR 2.78, 95% CI 1.12–6.94 · the paper's word: risk of amputation

Correlation, not cause

SGLT2is went with higher amputation

2.7×1.2× to 8.2×

SGLT2is vs metformin, in use of strong statins

Bigger than almost all for cardiovascular events

As reported

HR 2.68, 95% CI 1.18–8.20 · the paper's word: risk of amputation

Who was studied, and how

107,296people with type 2 diabetes, in this paper

Already taking SGLT2is, or nottheir own situation, not assigned

on SGLT2is
metformin

No clear link with amputation1.3×

correlation, not a test

the abstract, start to end

… the SGLT2is and metformin groups (HR 1.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] …

However, female sex (HR 2.78, 95% CI 1.12-6.94) and use of strong statins (HR 2.68; 95% CI 1.18-8.20) were …

← favours treatmentfavours comparator →
could be chance
Risk of amputationSGLT2is vs metformin
HR 1.340.80–2.24
Risk of amputationSGLT2is vs metformin, in female sex
HR 2.781.12–6.94
Risk of amputationSGLT2is vs metformin, in use of strong statins
HR 2.681.18–8.20
SGLT2 inhibitorsCardiovascular events
1 / 4

3 papers cite it

2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
this paperpooled itcites it
Full record →Abstract, authors, funding and every citing paper · PMID 36124433