Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36144741›Full record

ReviewMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2022

Carotenoids in Drug Discovery and Medicine: Pathways and Molecular Targets Implicated in Human Diseases.

Damilohun Samuel Metibemu, Ifedayo Victor Ogungbe

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed
4.9field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 72 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  5. Bioactive potential of biomass and lipids of halophilic cyanobacterium and microalgae.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2026
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  7. Retinoic acid production via the ray-finned fish genebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Damilohun Samuel MetibemuDepartment of Chemistry, Physics, and Atmospheric Sciences, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217-0095, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5787-0475
Ifedayo Victor OgungbeDepartment of Chemistry, Physics, and Atmospheric Sciences, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217-0095, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8048-5137
Jackson State University · US

Funding

Lead Optimization and Mechanisms of Action of Dual-Acting Antitrypanosomal AgentsSC1GM140990 · NIGMS · JACKSON STATE UNIVERSITY · PI OGUNGBE, IFEDAYO VICTOR · 2021 to 2023
$1.1M
Hit to Lead Optimization of Non-Peptidic Inhibitors of Alphaviral Cysteine ProteaseR21AI159740 · NIAID · JACKSON STATE UNIVERSITY · PI WHITTAKER, JOSEPH A · 2021 to 2022
$620k
NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI159740NIGMS NIH HHS SC1 GM140990US National Institutes of Health and National Science Foundation US National Institutes of Health (R21AI159740; SC1GM140990); National Science Foundation (HRD1906146, HRD1826699, and CHE1900127)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Carotenoids are isoprenoid-derived natural products produced in plants, algae, fungi, and photosynthetic bacteria. Most animals cannot synthesize carotenoids because the biosynthetic machinery to create carotenoids de novo is absent in animals, except arthropods. Carotenoids are biosynthesized from two C20 geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) molecules made from isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP) via the methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) route. Carotenoids can be extracted by a variety of methods, including maceration, Soxhlet extraction, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), accelerated solvent extraction (ASE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), pulsed electric field (PEF)-assisted extraction, and enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE). Carotenoids have been reported to exert various biochemical actions, including the inhibition of the Akt/mTOR, Bcl-2, SAPK/JNK, JAK/STAT, MAPK, Nrf2/Keap1, and NF-κB signaling pathways and the ability to increase cholesterol efflux to HDL. Carotenoids are absorbed in the intestine. A handful of carotenoids and carotenoid-based compounds are in clinical trials, while some are currently used as medicines. The application of metabolic engineering techniques for carotenoid production, whole-genome sequencing, and the use of plants as cell factories to produce specialty carotenoids presents a promising future for carotenoid research. In this review, we discussed the biosynthesis and extraction of carotenoids, the roles of carotenoids in human health, the metabolism of carotenoids, and carotenoids as a source of drugs and supplements.

Indexed as

Biological ProductsCarotenoidsAnimalsCholesterolDiphosphatesDrug DiscoveryHumansKelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1NF-E2-Related Factor 2NF-kappa BPlantsProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktProto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2SolventsTerpenesTOR Serine-Threonine KinasesBiological ProductsCarotenoidsCholesterolDiphosphatesKelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1NF-E2-Related Factor 2NF-kappa BProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktProto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2SolventsTerpenesTOR Serine-Threonine Kinasesagingcancercardiovascular diseasecarotenoidsdiabetesdrugsnatural productsneurodegenerative diseasesocular diseases

Identifiers

PMID36144741
PMCPMC9503763
OpenAlexW4296047543

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.