ArticlePharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Attenuated Risk Association of End-Stage Kidney Disease with Metformin in Type 2 Diabetes with eGFR Categories 1-4.
Article in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Within and post-trial effects of an intensive lifestyle intervention on kidney disease in adults with overweight or obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a secondary analysis of the Look AHEAD clinical trial.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2024Trial
- Redefining Diabetes and Creating Solutions-The Hong Kong Diabetes Register: Kelly West Award Lecture 2025.Diabetes care · 2026Article
- Clinical outcomes following discontinuation of metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes and advanced chronic kidney disease in Hong Kong: a territory-wide, retrospective cohort and target trial emulation study.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
- The Role of Real-World Evidence in Treatment Decision-Making, Regulatory Assessment, and Understanding the Perspectives of People with Type 2 Diabetes: Examples with Gliclazide MR.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2023Article
- Drugs for Diabetes: From Pharmacology to Clinical Application.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Effects of metformin and intensive lifestyle interventions on the incidence of kidney disease in adults in the DPP/DPPOS.Journal of diabetes and its complications · 2023Article
- Adjusting the Use of Glucose-Lowering Agents in the Real-World Clinical Management of People with Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2023Review
- Cardiorenal diseases in type 2 diabetes mellitus: clinical trials and real-world practice.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2023Review
- Clinical outcomes following discontinuation of renin-angiotensin-system inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes and advanced chronic kidney disease: A prospective cohort study.EClinicalMedicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D)-associated end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is a global burden, while the renoprotective effects of metformin remain controversial. In a population-based cohort (2002-2018) including 96,643 patients with T2D observed for 0.7 million person-years, we estimated the risk association of metformin and its dose-relationship with ESKD in a propensity-score overlap-weighting (PS-OW) cohort by eGFR categories. Amongst 96,643, 83,881 (86.8%) had eGFR-G1/G2 (≥60 mL/min/1.73 m
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.