SynthesisFrontiers in endocrinology2022
Causal associations between thyroid dysfunction and COVID-19 susceptibility and severity: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.
Synthesis in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Challenges in interpreting Mendelian randomization studies with a disease as the exposure: Using COVID-19 liability studies as an exemplar.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2025Pooled it
- Assessing causal relationship between circulating cytokines and age-related neurodegenerative diseases: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis.Scientific reports · 2023Pooled it
- Biomarkers associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis induced by viral infection: An integrative bioinformatics and machine learning.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2026Article
- Genetic evidence suggests a causal relationship linking thyroid function to osteomyelitis.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026Article
- Update on andrological effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19: An overview review.Andrology · 2025Review
- Comparative analysis of clinical profile, laboratory profile and outcome in COVID-19 patients with and without hypothyroidism.Ghana medical journal · 2024Observational
- Thyroid Density in CT Imaging as a Potential Marker of Lung Involvement in COVID-19: A Retrospective Analysis.Cureus · 2024Article
- The Aftermath of COVID-19: Exploring the Long-Term Effects on Organ Systems.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- The Influence of Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases on Viral Pneumonia Development, Including COVID-19: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Causal associations between severe COVID-19 and diseases of seven organs: a proteome-wide mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in genetics · 2024Article
- Determining the frequency of thyroid involvement in chest CT scans of COVID-19 patients and its correlation with the severity of lung involvement and survival of patients in 2020.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Mendelian randomization supports genetic liability to hospitalization for COVID-19 as a risk factor of pre-eclampsia.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
- Application of Mendelian randomization in thyroid diseases: a review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Exploring the Potential Association between COVID-19 and Thyroid Cancer: A Mendelian Randomization Study.ACS omega · 2023Article
- Association between COVID-19 and myasthenia gravis (MG): A genetic correlation and Mendelian randomization study.Brain and behavior · 2023Article
- Effect of genetic liability to migraine and its subtypes on breast cancer: a mendelian randomization study.BMC cancer · 2023Article
- Subclinical Hypothyroidism among Patients with COVID-19 Infection in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association · 2023Article
- The causal relationship between gut microbiota and bone mineral density: a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Observational studies have reported an association between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) risk and thyroid dysfunction, but without a clear causal relationship. We attempted to evaluate the association between thyroid function and COVID-19 risk using a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods: Summary statistics on the characteristics of thyroid dysfunction (hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism) were obtained from the ThyroidOmics Consortium. Genome-wide association study statistics for COVID-19 susceptibility and its severity were obtained from the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative, and severity phenotypes included hospitalization and very severe disease in COVID-19 participants. The inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method was used as the primary analysis method, supplemented by the weighted-median (WM), MR-Egger, and MR-PRESSO methods. Results were adjusted for Bonferroni correction thresholds. Results: The forward MR estimates show no effect of thyroid dysfunction on COVID-19 susceptibility and severity. The reverse MR found that COVID-19 susceptibility was the suggestive risk factor for hypothyroidism (IVW: OR = 1.577, 95% CI = 1.065-2.333, Conclusion: Our results identified that COVID-19 might be the potential risk factor for hypothyroidism. Therefore, patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 should strengthen the monitoring of thyroid function.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.