ReviewFASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology2022
Regulation of the rhythmic diversity of daily photoreceptor outer segment phagocytosis in vivo.
Review in FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Retinal Pigment Epithelium Phagocytosis and Retinal Degenerative Diseases.Aging and disease · 2025Pooled it
- Light intensity and opsin sensitivity shape the morphology of cone photoreceptor outer segments.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Estrogen receptor 1 activation suppresses microglia-derived Tnf-α signaling as a photoreceptor self-protection mechanism.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Local Insulin for Local Needs? Insights into Retinal Insulin Signaling and RPE Metabolism.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Phagocytosed Photoreceptor Outer Segment Particles Within the Retinal Pigment Epithelium Show Diurnal Rhythmicity and Variation Between Cone Subtypes in Larval Zebrafish.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025Article
- Stem cell therapy for retinal pigment epithelium disorders.World journal of stem cells · 2025Review
- The P4-phospholipid flippase Atp11a is required for maintenance of eye and ear structure in zebrafish.Journal of cell science · 2025Article
- Advances and therapeutic opportunities in visual cycle modulation.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2025Review
- MFRP is a molecular hub that organizes the apical membrane of RPE cells by engaging in interactions with specific proteins and lipids.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Review
- Metabolic transcriptomics dictate responses of cone photoreceptors to retinitis pigmentosa.Cell reports · 2023Article
- Regulation of the rhythmic diversity of daily photoreceptor outer segment phagocytosis in vivo.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Outer segment phagocytosis (OSP) is a highly-regulated, biological process wherein photoreceptor outer segment (OS) tips are cyclically phagocytosed by the adjacent retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. Often an overlooked retinal process, rhythmic OSP ensures the maintenance of healthy photoreceptors and vision. Daily, the photoreceptors renew OS at their base and the most distal, and likely oldest, OS tips, are phagocytosed by the RPE, preventing the accumulation of photo-oxidative compounds by breaking down phagocytosed OS tips and recycling useful components to the photoreceptors. Light changes often coincide with an escalation of OSP and within hours the phagosomes formed in each RPE cell are resolved. In the last two decades, individual molecular regulators were elucidated. Some of the molecular machinery used by RPE cells for OSP is highly similar to mechanisms used by other phagocytic cells for the clearance of apoptotic cells. Consequently, in the RPE, many molecular regulators of retinal phagocytosis have been elucidated. However, there is still a knowledge gap regarding the key regulators of physiological OSP in vivo between endogenous photoreceptors and the RPE. Understanding the regulation of OSP is of significant clinical interest as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and inherited retinal diseases (IRD) are linked with altered OSP. Here, we review the in vivo timing of OSP peaks in selected species and focus on the reported in vivo environmental and molecular regulators of OSP.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.